bright
英语[编辑]
发音[编辑]
词源 1[编辑]
形容词派生自中古英語 bright (“光亮的,明亮的;强烈的;闪亮的;辉煌的;(指人)美丽的,面色红润的;极佳的;清晰的;(指视觉)明晰的;(比喻义)无罪过的;开明的”) [以及其他形式][1],源自古英語 bryht、breht (诺森伯兰),字母换位自byrht (盎格鲁)、beorht (西萨克逊)、berht (“明晰的”) [以及其他形式],源自原始西日耳曼語 *berht[2],源自原始日耳曼語 *berhtaz (“明亮的”),最终源自原始印歐語 *bʰerHǵ- (“照,使...变白”)。
名词派生自中古英語 bright (“光亮,闪亮;阳光;光”),源自bright (形容词):[3]见上文。
英语词的同源词包括阿爾巴尼亞語 bardhë (“白的”)、荷蘭語 brecht (用于人名)、冰島語 bjartur (“明亮的”)、立陶宛語 brekšta (“破晓”)、中古愛爾蘭語 brafad (“眨眼”)、挪威語 bjart (“光亮的,明晰的”)、波斯語 برازیدن (barâzidan, “美化;适宜于”)、北盧里語 بڵێز (bełız, “火焰”) 俄語 бре́зжить (brézžitʹ, “破晓;发微光;(比喻义,指希望,思想等)出现,显现”)、梵語 भ्राजते (bhrājate)、低地蘇格蘭語 bricht (“明亮的”)、威爾士語 berth (“美丽的”) (弃用)。
形容词[编辑]
bright (比較級 brighter,最高級 brightest)
- 明亮的,发光的,闪耀的,照耀的;炫目的
- The sky was remarkably bright and blue on that beautiful summer day.
- 夏天里的那天,蓝色的天空格外的闪耀夺目。
- Template:RQ:Milton Poems
- 1667,John Milton,“Book III”,出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books,London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […],London:Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873, OCLC 230729554, lines 372 and 381–382:
- Thee Father firſt they ſung Omnipotent, / […] that brighteſt Seraphim / Approach not, but with both their wings veil thir eyes.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- Template:RQ:Stoker Dracula
- (指光) 亮的,强烈的
- Could you please dim the light? It’s far too bright.
- 能把灯调暗点吗?太亮了。
- (指物体,表面等) 反光而耀眼的,有光泽的
- 近義詞: lustrous;亦參見Thesaurus:shiny
- 反義詞: dull
- (指某空间) 明亮的
- (指气候或天气) 晴朗的
- (比喻义)
- 显然的,显眼的
- (指颜色) 鲜亮的,鲜艳的
- 1838 May,L. M.,“The West Fifty Years Since”,出自T[homas] W[illis] White編, The Southern Literary Messenger: Devoted to Every Department of Literature and the Fine Arts,卷號IV,期號V,Richmond, Va.:T. W. White, […], OCLC 7370817, chapter II, 頁號308, column 1:
- Her step was quick; her eye piercing, and of the brightest blue; […]
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (指物体,表面) 颜色鲜艳的,多彩的
- The orange and blue walls of the sitting room were much brighter than the dull grey walls of the kitchen.
- 客厅的橙色蓝色相间的墙壁比厨房的单调灰色的墙鲜艳多了。
- Template:RQ:Pope Pastorals
- 1897年 12月(標示為1898年),Winston Churchill, chapter II,出自 The Celebrity: An Episode,紐約:The Macmillan Company;倫敦:Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, 頁號15:
- Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (指乐器,声音,嗓音) 清晰的,嘹亮的,尖锐的
- (指房间或地方) 容易造成尖锐回音的
- (指气味,味道) 明显的,强烈的
- (指物质) 透明的,澄明的;纯净的,无杂质的;(尤指酒) 纯净的,无悬浮物的,优质的
- 1728,[James] Thomson, Spring: A Poem,London: […] A[ndrew] Millar and G[eorge] Strahan, OCLC 8477772, 頁號10:
- From […] the brighteſt Wines / He'd turn abhorrent.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 辉煌的,荣耀的,显赫的
- 1681,Charles Cotton, The Wonders of the Peake,London: […] Joanna Brome, […], OCLC 1227559269, 頁號16:
- And 'twas the worſt, if not the only ſtain, / I'th' brighteſt Annals of a Female Reign.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 高兴的,开心的;乐观的
- 近義詞: 參見Thesaurus:happy
- 反義詞: 參見Thesaurus:sad
- I woke up today feeling so bright that I decided to have a little dance.
- 今天起床心情特别好,好到我跳了支舞。
- (指脸,眼睛,笑容等) 高兴的,阳光的,灿烂的
- 1978 10月 19, Mike Batt (歌詞與音樂), “Bright Eyes”, 出自 Fate for Breakfast, 演出者 Art Garfunkel, 出版於 19 January 1979:
- Bright eyes / Burning like fire / Bright eyes / How can you close and fail? / How can the light that burned so brightly / Suddenly burn so pale? / Bright eyes
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (指人) 快活的,生机勃勃的
- (指一段时期) 快乐的,繁荣昌盛的
- She has a bright future ahead.
- 她前途无量。
- 1986, Pat MacDonald (歌詞與音樂), “The Future’s So Bright, I Gotta Wear Shades”, 出自 Greetings from Timbuk3, 演出者 Timbuk3:
- Things are going great, and they're only getting better / I'm doing all right, getting good grades / The future's so bright, I gotta wear shades
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (指机会,前景等) 光明的,好的
- If he trains hard, his chances of winning the competition are bright.
- 他努力训练的话就很有希望能赢得那场竞赛。
- (指对话,发言,写作等) 巧妙的,机智的,聪明的
- 机智的,聪明的
- 近義詞: 參見Thesaurus:intelligent
- 反義詞: 參見Thesaurus:stupid
- She’s very bright. She was able to solve the problem without my help.
- 她很聪明,不需要我帮忙就解决了那个问题。
- Template:RQ:Joyce Ulysses
- 2013年8月3日,“Revenge of the nerds: An explosion of start-ups is changing finance for the better”,出自 The Economist[1],卷號408,期號8847,London:Economist Group, ISSN 0013-0613, OCLC 805074337, archived from the original on 3 August 2013:
- Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (古舊)
- (音樂, 指旋律,节奏) 轻快的,愉快的
- (冶金學, 指金属或表面) 无防腐蚀覆盖层的
衍生词汇[编辑]
- bright and morning star
- bright as a button
- bright as a new button
- bright as a new coin
- bright as a new dollar
- bright as a new penny
- bright as a new pin
- brighten
- bright-eyed
- bright eyed and bushy tailed
- bright-eyed and bushy-tailed
- bright field
- bright giant
- bright green
- bright lights
- bright lights and cold steel
- bright line
- bright-line rule
- brightly
- bright nail
- brightness
- Bright Saturday
- bright shiny object
- bright side
- bright soliton
- bright spark
- bright spot
- brights (仅复数形式)
- Bright Week
- brightwork
- bright young people
- Bright Young Thing
- bright young thing
- cold steel and bright lights
- embrighten
- eyebright
- gold-bright
- honour bright
- look on the bright side
- meadow bright
- night-bright
- radio-bright
- see-bright
名词[编辑]
bright (複數 brights)
- (古舊或書面)
- 明亮
- 近義詞: brightness
- 1667,John Milton,“Book III”,出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books,London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […],London:Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873, OCLC 230729554, lines 372 and 377–381:
- Thee Father firſt they ſung Omnipotent, / […] when thou ſhad'ſt / The full blaze of thy beams, and through a cloud / Drawn round about thee like a radiant Shrine, / Dark with exceſſive bright thy ſkirts appeer, / Yet dazle Heav'n, […]
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (比喻) 华丽,壮丽
- 明亮
- (主要用复数) (尤指商品)颜色鲜亮的东西
- 人文主义者,信奉自然主义世界观的人
- 近義詞: humanist、nonsupernaturalist
- 反義詞: super、supernaturalist
- 下位詞: atheist
- 2003年6月20日,Richard Dawkins,“The future looks bright”,出自Alan Rusbridger編, The Guardian[2],London:Guardian News & Media, ISSN 0261-3077, OCLC 229952407, archived from the original on 22 March 2021:
- Brights constitute 60% of American scientists, and a stunning 93% of those scientists good enough to be elected to the elite National Academy of Sciences (equivalent to Fellows of the Royal Society) are brights.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 2006,Daniel C[lement] Dennett,“Breaking Which Spell?”,出自 Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon,New York, N.Y.:Viking, →ISBN, part I (Opening Pandora’s Box), section 5 (Religion as a Natural Phenomenon), 頁號27:
- Many of us brights have devoted considerable time and energy at some point in our lives to looking at the arguments for and against the existence of God, and many brights continue to pursue these issues, hacking away vigorously at the arguments of believers as if they were trying to refute a rival scientific theory. But not I.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 2008 April,David Aikman,“The Attack of the Four Horsemen”,出自 The Delusion of Disbelief: Why the New Atheism is a Threat to Your Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness,Carol Stream, Ill.:SaltRiver, Tyndale House Publishers, →ISBN, 頁號28:
- [Richard] Dawkins has received appreciative letters from people who were formerly what he derisively calls "faith-heads" who have abandoned their delusions and come over to the side of the brights, the pleasant green pastures where clear-eyed, brave, bold, and supremely brainy atheists graze contentedly.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (繪畫) 本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加,並移除
{{rfdef}}
模板。
词源 2[编辑]
源自中古英語 brighte (“明亮地;(比喻义)极佳地,辉煌地;(指颜色)鲜艳的,清晰地;洪亮地,大声地”) [以及其他形式][4],源自古英語 breohte、beorhte (西萨克逊) [以及其他形式],最终源自原始日耳曼語 *berhtaz (“明亮的”)[5],详见词源 1。
副词[编辑]
bright (比較級 more bright,最高級 most bright)
衍生词汇[编辑]
词源 3[编辑]
源自中古英語 brighten (“照亮;变亮;破晓;(比喻义)净化,纯化;解释,阐明”) [以及其他形式][6],源自古英語 beorhtian (“照亮,照耀;发声清晰洪亮”) [以及其他形式],可能源自beorht (“明亮的”, 形容词)(详见词源 1) + -ian (从形容词和名词构成动词的后缀)。该词之后的使用可能亦直接派生自形容词。[7]
动词[编辑]
bright (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 brights,現在分詞 brighting,一般過去時及過去分詞 brighted) (主, 英國英語方言)
- (及物, 常后接up) 照亮
- (及物, 比喻义, 常后接up) 使...开心,让...乐观,给...带来活力
- 近義詞: embrighten、(给...活力) enliven、delight、gladden、(使...开心,取悦) please
- 1686,J[ohn] Goad,“The Sun, the Great Light, Justly Admired. […]”,出自 Astro-meteorologica, or, Aphorisms and Large Significant Discourses of the Natures and Influences of the Cœlestial Bodies; […],2nd edition,London: […] O[badiah] B[lagrave] and sold by John Sprint, […],出版年份1699, OCLC 165733172, book I, § 2, 頁號14:
- Toward Mid-day he [the Sun] brighteth the Air into a chearful Saphir, and guildeth the Borders of the very Clouds with a coſtly limbus.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (不及物, 亦比喻义) (变得符合形容词的多个义项)
- 近義詞: brighten
- 1915,Keith Ringkamp編, The Patience Worth Record,卷號I,[Morrisville, N.C.]:Lulu.com,出版年份2008, →ISBN, 頁號238:
- Day brighteth at the smile o' her and yea, He hath aplanted full o' seed for harvesting by thy loving.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
变位[编辑]
不定式 | {{{1}}} | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
現在分詞 | {{{1}}}ing | ||||||||||
過去分詞 | {{{1}}}ed | ||||||||||
一般 | 進行 | 完成 | 完成進行 | ||||||||
現在時 | I {{{1}}} | we {{{1}}} | I am {{{1}}}ing | we are {{{1}}}ing | I have {{{1}}}ed | we have {{{1}}}ed | I have been {{{1}}}ing | we have been {{{1}}}ing | |||
you {{{1}}} | you {{{1}}} | you are {{{1}}}ing | you are {{{1}}}ing | you have {{{1}}}ed | you have {{{1}}}ed | you have been {{{1}}}ing | you have been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
he {{{1}}}s | they {{{1}}} | he is {{{1}}}ing | they are {{{1}}}ing | he has {{{1}}}ed | they have {{{1}}}ed | he has been {{{1}}}ing | they have been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
過去式 | I {{{1}}}ed | we {{{1}}}ed | I was {{{1}}}ing | we were {{{1}}}ing | I had {{{1}}}ed | we had {{{1}}}ed | I had been {{{1}}}ing | we had been {{{1}}}ing | |||
you {{{1}}}ed | you {{{1}}}ed | you were {{{1}}}ing | you were {{{1}}}ing | you had {{{1}}}ed | you had {{{1}}}ed | you had been {{{1}}}ing | you had been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
he {{{1}}}ed | they {{{1}}}ed | he was {{{1}}}ing | they were {{{1}}}ing | he had {{{1}}}ed | they had {{{1}}}ed | he had been {{{1}}}ing | they had been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
將來時 | I will {{{1}}} | we will {{{1}}} | I will be {{{1}}}ing | we will be {{{1}}}ing | I will have {{{1}}}ed | we will have {{{1}}}ed | I will have been {{{1}}}ing | we will have been {{{1}}}ing | |||
you will {{{1}}} | you will {{{1}}} | you will be {{{1}}}ing | you will be {{{1}}}ing | you will have {{{1}}}ed | you will have {{{1}}}ed | you will have been {{{1}}}ing | you will have been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
he will {{{1}}} | they will {{{1}}} | he will be {{{1}}}ing | they will be {{{1}}}ing | he will have {{{1}}}ed | they will have {{{1}}}ed | he will have been {{{1}}}ing | they will have been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
條件式 | I would {{{1}}} | we would {{{1}}} | I would be {{{1}}}ing | we would be {{{1}}}ing | I would have {{{1}}}ed | we would have {{{1}}}ed | I would have been {{{1}}}ing | we would have been {{{1}}}ing | |||
you would {{{1}}} | you would {{{1}}} | you would be {{{1}}}ing | you would be {{{1}}}ing | you would have {{{1}}}ed | you would have {{{1}}}ed | you would have been {{{1}}}ing | you would have been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
he would {{{1}}} | they would {{{1}}} | he would be {{{1}}}ing | they would be {{{1}}}ing | he would have {{{1}}}ed | they would have {{{1}}}ed | he would have been {{{1}}}ing | they would have been {{{1}}}ing | ||||
命令式 | {{{1}}} |
参考资料[编辑]
- ↑ “bright, adj.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ 对比“bright, adj. and n.”, OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2021; “bright, adj. and n.”, Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
- ↑ “bright, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ “brighte, adv.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ 对比“bright, adv.”, OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2020; “bright, adv.”, Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
- ↑ “bright, v.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ 对比“bright, v.”, OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2020
延伸阅读[编辑]
- brightness在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 en
- Brights movement在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 en
- bright (disambiguation)在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 en
- 缺少作者和編輯參數的參考模板
- 英語1音節詞
- 有國際音標的英語詞
- 有音頻鏈接的英語詞
- Rhymes:英語/aɪt
- Rhymes:英語/aɪt/1音節
- 派生自原始印歐語的英語詞
- 來自原始印歐語詞根*bʰerHǵ-的英語詞
- 源自中古英語的英語繼承詞
- 派生自中古英語的英語詞
- 源自古英語的英語繼承詞
- 派生自古英語的英語詞
- 源自原始西日耳曼語的英語繼承詞
- 派生自原始西日耳曼語的英語詞
- 源自原始日耳曼語的英語繼承詞
- 派生自原始日耳曼語的英語詞
- 英語詞元
- 英語形容詞
- 有使用例的英語詞
- 有引文的英語詞
- 英語古舊用語
- 英語 音樂
- 英語 冶金學
- 英語名詞
- 英語可數名詞
- 英語書面用語
- 英語 繪畫
- 英語副詞
- 英語動詞
- 英國英語
- 英語方言用語
- 英語及物動詞
- 英語不及物動詞
- 英語 無神論
- 英語 光
- 英語 人
- 英語 人格