sorrow

参见：Sorrow

英语

外语每日一词 – 2024年11月23日

其他形式

• sorrowe (弃用)

词源

继承自中古英语 sorow、sorwe、sorghe、sorȝe，继承自古英语 sorg、sorh (“关心、焦虑、悲痛”)，继承自原始西日耳曼语 *sorgu，继承自原始日耳曼语 *surgō（对比西弗里斯兰语 soarch、荷兰语 zorg、德语 Sorge、丹麦语、瑞典语和挪威语 sorg），源自原始印欧语 *swergʰ- (“看管、担心；生病、受苦”)（对比古爱尔兰语 serg (“疾病”)、吐火罗语B sark (“疾病”)、立陶宛语 sirgti (“生病”)、梵语 सूर्क्षति (sū́rkṣati, “担心”)）。虽然意思和词形上和 sorry、sore 相似，词源上和这两者并无关联。

发音

• 英语发音：sŏrʼō、国际音标^(帮助): /ˈsɒɹ.əʊ/
• (通用美式) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈsɑɹ.oʊ/
• (加拿大) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈsɔɹ.oʊ/

• 音频 (美国)：

  (档案)

• 韵部：-ɒɹəʊ

名词

sorrow (可数 和 不可数，复数 sorrows)

1. (不可数) 悲伤，悲痛，悲哀
   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Troilus and Cressida
   • August 28, 1750, Samuel Johnson, The Rambler No. 47

     The safe and general antidote against sorrow is employment.

     消除悲伤的最安全、最通用的良药就是就业。

2. (可数，常以复数形式) 伤心事，悲伤事，不幸
   • 1903, Maud Salvini, “Salvini as I Know Him”, 出自 The Theatre, 第 3 期，第 312 页:

     She had nursed all the children, including Sandro, to whom she was devoted, and my husband was just as fond of her. His going away to America was a great sorrow to her, and she always kept the sacred light burning on a little altar for Sandro all the time of his long absence.

     她照料了所有孩子，包括桑德罗，她对他十分疼爱，我丈夫也同样喜欢她。桑德罗要去美国，这对她来说是一件非常伤心的事，在桑德罗长期不在家的时候，她总是在小神坛上为他点亮圣灯。

   • 1963, C.L.R. James, The Black Jacobins, 2nd Revised版，第 14 页:

     Vaublanc, in San Domingo so sympathetic to the sorrows of labour in France, had to fly from Paris in August, 1792, to escape the wrath of the French workers.

     沃布朗在圣多明各对法国劳工的苦难深表同情，为了逃避法国工人的愤怒，他不得不于1792年8月逃离巴黎。

   Parting is such sweet sorrow.

   离别是如此甜蜜的悲伤。

派生词汇

• a sorrow shared is a sorrow halved
• China's Sorrow
• drown one's sorrows
• Our Lady of Sorrows
• sorrowful
• sorrowfully
• sorrowfulness
• sorrowless
• sorrowly
• sorrow-ridden
• sorrowsome
• tree of sorrow

 

动词

sorrow (第三人称单数简单现在时 sorrows，现在分词 sorrowing，一般过去时及过去分词 sorrowed)

1. (不及物) 感到悲伤
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, 出版于 1973，第 424 页:

     ‘Sorrow not, sir,’ says he, ‘like those without hope.’

     他说：“先生，不要像那些没有希望的人那样悲伤。”

   • 1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, 第 11 卷，第 241 页:

     When, as sometimes happens, a lad dies from the effect of the operation, he is buried secretly in the forest, and his sorrowing mother is told that the monster has a pig's stomach as well as a human stomach, and that unfortunately her son slipped into the wrong stomach.

     有时，如果一个小伙子因手术后遗症而死，人们就会把他秘密地埋在森林里，并告诉他悲痛的母亲，这个怪物既有人的胃，又有猪的胃，不幸的是，她的儿子掉进了错误的胃里。

2. (及物) 为……感到悲痛、哀悼、遗憾
   • Template:RQ:Montaigne Florio Essayes

派生词汇

• besorrow

参考资料

• “sorrow”，Dictionary.com Unabridged，Dictionary.com, LLC，1995–present
• Template:R:WordNet 2006