jibe

英语

发音

(標準英音，通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): /d͡ʒaɪb/
（澳洲）音频： (檔案)
韻部：-aɪb

词源 1

不详，可能源自古法語 giber (“嬉戏打闹”)。对比英語 jib (“（马）停下不愿继续走”)、^[1]古諾爾斯語 geipa (“胡说”)。

名词派生自动词。^[2]

名词

jibe (複數 jibes)

嘲弄，讥讽
He flung subtle jibes at her until she couldn’t bear to work with him any longer.
他动辄开她的玩笑，最后她再也不想和他干活了。
- Template:RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet Q1-2
- 1746，[Charles Macklin]，King Henry the VII: Or the Popish Impostor. A Tragedy. […]，London：Printed for R. Francklin, […]; R[obert] Dodsley, […]; and J. Brotherton, […]，→OCLC，act II, scene i，第 24 頁：
  Come, come, we / All are Friends, nor have we Time for Jibe, / Or Anger now, but 'gainſt our common Foes, / The French and Scot; there let your Pray'rs, and Jeſts, / And Blows, be levell’d.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- Template:RQ:Christina Rossetti Goblin Market
- Template:RQ:Du Bois Souls of Black Folk
- Template:RQ:Fitzgerald This Side of Paradise
- 1975年10月27日，Jeff Greenfield，“Ragged but Funny”，New York，第 8 卷，第 43 期，New York, N.Y.：New York Magazine Company，→ISSN，→OCLC，第 65 頁，第 3 列：
  [George] Carlin's opening-night monologue included some blunt gibes at organized religion which would almost certainly have been cut out of any other network show.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

动词

jibe (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 jibes，現在分詞 jibing，簡單過去時和過去分詞 jibed)

(及物) 嘲讽，嘲弄
近義詞：flout、taunt、mock
- Template:RQ:Shakespeare Antony and Cleopatra
- 1714，John Arbuthnot，A Farther Continuation of the History of the Crown-Inn: Part III. Containing the Present State of the Inn, and Other Particulars‎^[1]，第2nd版，London：Printed for J. Moor, […]，→OCLC，原文存檔於10 March 2019，第 15 頁：
  We could hardly speak before for fear of our Taskmasters; but we dare now Nose those Villains that used to gibe us.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- a. 1746，[Jonathan] Swift，“A Character, Panegyrick, and Description of the Legion Club”，Miscellanies，第5th版，第 X 卷，London：Printed for T. Woodward, C. Davis, C. Bathurst, and W[illiam] Bowyer，出版於 1751，→OCLC，第 227–228 頁：
  How I want thee, hum'rous Hogarth! / Thou, I hear, a pleaſant Rogue art; / […] / Draw the Beaſts as I deſcribe them, / From their Features, while I gibe them.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
(及物) 嘲弄地说
- Template:RQ:Mitchell Gone with the Wind
(不及物) 嘲讽，嘲弄
- c. 1595–1596，W. Shakespere [i.e., 威廉·莎士比亞]，A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto)，London： […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby，出版於 1598，→OCLC; 再版為 Shakspere’s Loves Labours Lost (Shakspere-Quarto Facsimiles; no. 5)，W[illiam] Griggs, […]，[1880]，→OCLC，[Act V, scene ii]：
  Why thats the way to choake a gibing ſpirrit, / Whoſe influence is begot of that looſe grace, / Which ſhallow laughing hearers giue to fooles, […]
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- Template:RQ:Defoe Moll Flanders
- 1730，Jonathan Swift，“To Betty the Grizete”，The Poetical Works of Jonathan Swift, D.D. […]，Edinburgh：Printed by Mundell and Son, […]，出版於 1794，→OCLC; republished in The Works of the British Poets. […]，第 IX 卷，Printed for John & Arthur Arch; and for Bell & Bradfute, and J. Mundell & Co. Edinburgh，1795，→OCLC，第 128 頁，第 2 列：
  Thus with talents well endu'd / To be ſcurrilous and rude; / When you pertly raiſe your ſnout, / Fleer and gibe, and laugh and flout; […]
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1928，Radclyffe Hall，章號 27，The Well of Loneliness，London：Jonathan Cape，→OCLC; 再版 Wordsworth Editions，2005，→ISBN，book 2, section I，第 182 頁：
  But now her mother was speaking again: 'And this – read this and tell me if you wrote it, or if that man's lying.' And Stephen must read her own misery jibing at her from those pages in Ralph Crossby's stiff and clerical handwriting.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1953，James Hilton，“Paris III”，Time and Time Again (An Atlantic Monthly Press Book)，Boston, Mass.：Little, Brown and Company，→OCLC，第 216 頁：
  "What's the matter with you?" the woman jibed. She called after him as he walked away: "Nuts, that's what you are!"
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

其他形式

gibe
gybe

衍生词汇

jiber、giber
jibingly、gibingly

词源 2

不详，可能与chime (“使...合唱”)有关。^[3]

动词

jibe (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 jibes，現在分詞 jibing，簡單過去時和過去分詞 jibed)

(不及物，加拿大，美國，非正式) 一致
That explanation doesn’t jibe with the facts.
那个说法和事实相悖。
- 1926年5月13日，Henry H. Glassie (witness)，“Statement of Henry H. Glassie, Member of United States Tariff Commission”，Investigation of the Tariff Commission: Hearings before the Select Committee on Investigation of the Tariff Commission, United States Senate, Sixty-ninth Congress, First Session […] Part 1 […]，Washington, D.C.：Government Printing Office，→OCLC，第 529 頁：
  [T]here is something wrong with your figures. They do not jibe with experience. They do not jibe with prices. They do not jibe with what we know.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1980，George Lakoff，Mark Johnson，章號 27，Metaphors We Live By：
  This did not jibe with the objectivist view that metaphor is of only peripheral interest in an account of meaning and truth and that it plays at best a marginal role in understanding.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

用法说明

本词和jive在美国均能指“一致”。虽然有一本现代词典收录了jive的这种用法，但是多数文献认为这种用法是错误的。

其他形式

gibe
gybe

词源 3

参见gybe。

名词

jibe (複數 jibes)

(航海，現主要用於美國) gybe的另一種拼寫法

动词

jibe (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 jibes，現在分詞 jibing，簡單過去時和過去分詞 jibed)

(航海，現主要用於美國) gybe的另一種拼寫法

参考资料

↑ “gibe, jibe, v.”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1899年; “jibe”，Lexico，Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press，2019–present年.
↑ “gibe, jibe, n.¹”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1899年
↑ “jibe, v.”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1901年

[1] “gibe, jibe, v.”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1899年; “jibe”，Lexico，Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press，2019–present年.

[2] “gibe, jibe, n.¹”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1899年

[3] “jibe, v.”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1901年

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