clout
英语
[编辑]发音
[编辑]词源 1
[编辑]源自中古英語 clout,源自古英語 clūt,源自原始日耳曼語 *klūtaz,源自原始印歐語 *gelewdos,源自原始印歐語 *gel- (“积”)。词义“(尤指政治上的)影响力”源自芝加哥方言,后传播普及。
同源词包括古諾爾斯語 klútr (“方头巾”)[1]、瑞典語 klut、丹麥語 klud、中古高地德語 klōz (“块”),其派生出德語 Kloß,及俄语方言глуда (gluda)[2]。参见cleat。
名词
[编辑]- (尤指政治上的)影响力
- 1975, Len O'Connor, Clout--Mayor Daley and His City[1],頁號 74:
- Having relinquished his clout in City Council to run for a place on the county board, and having lost stature by reason of his failure to win the presidency, Duffy was in no position to seek the party chairmanship for himself
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 2017, Kimetrius Foose (Lil Skies), Myron Goedhart (作曲作詞), “Fake”, 演出者 Lil Skies:
- 2019年11月29日, Taylor Lorenz, “Here’s What’s Happening in the American Teenage Bedroom”, 出自 New York Times[3]:
- Rowan, like most teenagers on the internet, wasn’t after fame or money, though he made a decent amount — at one point $10,000 a month and more, he said. What Rowan wanted was clout. On the internet, clout is a social currency that can be used to obtain just about anything. Rack up enough while you’re young, and doors everywhere begin to open.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (區域用語,非正式) 手打,用手击打
- 1910, Katherine Mansfield, Frau Brenchenmacher Attends A Wedding:
- ‘Such a clout on the ear as you gave me… But I soon taught you.’
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (棒球,非正式) 全垒打,本垒打
- 近義詞: home run
- 2011年8月17日, Michael Vega, “Triple double”, 出自 The Boston Globe,頁號 C1:
- '... allowed Boston to score all of its runs on homers, including a pair of clouts by Jacoby Ellsbury ...'
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (射箭) 靶心 (可能是因为以前是用一块白布或钉头来表示)
- (區域用語,過時) 作襁褓的布
- 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chapter 12:
- When a new-hatched savage running wild about his native woodlands in a grass clout, followed by the nibbling goats, as if he were a green sapling; even then, in Queequeg’s ambitious soul, lurked a strong desire to see something more of Christendom than a specimen whaler or two.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (古舊) 布,破布;一片皮革
- Module:User:Hzy980512/quote第2634行Lua错误:Parameter "url" is not used by this template.
- Template:RQ:Shakespeare King John
- Template:RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet
- 1743, Robert Drury, The Pleasant, and Surprizing Adventures of Mr. Robert Drury, during his Fifteen Years Captivity on the Island of Madagascar[4], London,頁號 74:
- We condol’d with each other, and observ’d how wretchedly we look’d, all naked, except a small Clout about our Middles […]
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 1980, Colin Thubron, Seafarers: The Venetians,頁號 33:
- The Byzantines, wrote Robert of Clari, hooted and jeered from the battlements, "and let down their clouts and showed them their backsides."
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (古舊) 垫片 (装在轴承等物上防止磨损的铁片)
- 1866, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, 卷 1,頁號 546:
- Clouts were thin and flat pieces of iron, used it appears to strengthen the box of the wheel; perhaps also for nailing on such other parts of the cart as were particularly exposed to wear.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 大帽钉
- 近義詞: clout nail
- (棄用) 一片,碎片
- 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “(please specify the story)”, 出自 The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, 出版於 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne] 編, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC,行號s 707-709:
- And whan sche of this bille hath taken heede, / Sche rente it al to cloutes atte laste / And into the privy softely it caste.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
衍生词汇
[编辑]动词
[编辑]clout (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 clouts,現在分詞 clouting,一般過去時及過去分詞 clouted)
- 打,(尤指)拳打
- 1997, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 出版於 1998,頁號 57:
- A wizard? Him? How could he possibly be? He'd spent his life being clouted by Dudley, and bullied by Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon; if he was really a wizard, why hadn't they been turned into warty toads every time they'd tried to lock him in his cupboard?
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 用布、皮革等盖;用该等物品修补
- 1549, Hugh Latimer, “[The Second Sermon of Master Hugh Latimer, which He Preached before the King’s Majesty, within His Grace’s Palace at Westminster, the Fifteenth Day of March, 1549.] To the Reader.”, 出自 George Elwes Corrie 編, Sermons by Hugh Latimer, Sometime Bishop of Worcester, Martyr, 1555 (The Works of Hugh Latimer; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] University Press, 出版於 1844, →OCLC,頁號 110:
- 给...打钉
- 用垫片保护
- 简单,粗略地接合,修补
- 1633, Phineas Fletcher, The Purple Island:
- if fond Bavius vent his clouted song
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
词源 2
[编辑]动词
[编辑]clout (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 clouts,現在分詞 clouting,一般過去時及過去分詞 clouted)
- clot的過時形式。
- 1948, The Essex Review:
- He tells us how to butter eggs, boil eels, clout cream, stew capons, how to make a fine cake, an almond pudding and a raspberry conserve, […]
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
参考资料
[编辑]- ↑ “clout”, Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, OCLC 800618302
- ↑ “clout” in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.
中古英语
[编辑]词源 1
[编辑]源自古英語 clūt,源自原始西日耳曼語 *klūt,源自原始日耳曼語 *klūtaz。对比cloud。
其他形式
[编辑]发音
[编辑]名词
[编辑]clout (复数 cloutes)
相关词汇
[编辑]派生語彙
[编辑]参考资料
[编辑]- “clǒut, n.(1).” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “clǒut, n.(3).” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
词源 2
[编辑]动词
[编辑]clout
- clouten的另一種寫法
分类:
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- 英語1音節詞
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- Rhymes:英語/aʊt
- Rhymes:英語/aʊt/1音節
- 派生自原始印歐語的英語詞
- 來自原始印歐語詞根*gel-的英語詞
- 源自中古英語的英語繼承詞
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