starve
英語[編輯]
詞源[編輯]
源自中古英語 sterven，源自古英語 steorfan (「死」)，源自原始日耳曼語 *sterbaną (「僵硬；死」)，源自原始印歐語 *(s)terp- (「弱，麻」)，或原始印歐語 *sterbʰ- (「僵硬」)，源自*ster- (「僵」)，或者上述詞的異文合併。同源詞包括低地蘇格蘭語 sterve (「死，消失」)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 stjerwa (「死」)、西弗里斯蘭語 stjerre (「死」)、荷蘭語 sterven (「死」)、德國低地德語 starven (「死」)、德語 sterben (「死」)、冰島語 stirfinn (「脾氣差的；剛愎的」)、阿爾巴尼亞語 shterp (「貧瘠的；貧瘠的土地」)。
發音[編輯]
動詞[編輯]
starve (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 starves，現在分詞 starving，過去式 starved，過去分詞 starved 或 (弃用) starven)
- (不及物) 餓死
- 2007, Lisa Wingate, A Thousand Voices，頁號 76:
- "When all of you starve to death, Shasta, don't come crying to me, that's all."
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- (不及物) 非常餓，餓得要死
- Hey, ma, I'm starving! What's for dinner?
- 喂，老媽，我要餓死了！晚飯吃啥？
- (及物) （尤指通過斷糧）摧毀，使...屈服；使...餓死
- 近義詞： famish
- (及物) 剝奪 （糧食或必需物品）
- The uncaring parents starved the child of love.
- 冷漠的父母剝奪了孩子應得的愛。
- The patient's brain was starved of oxygen.
- 患者的腦部供氧不足。
- (不及物) （因缺乏某物而）惡化，情況變差
- (及物，英國，尤其用於約克郡和蘭開夏) 使...凍死
- I was half starved waiting out in that wind.
- 我在那風裡等人，被凍了個半死。
- 1869 February, John Hartley, The original illuminated clock almanack:
- Wheniver he wor starved, he used to get th' seck o' coils ov his back, an' walk raand th' haase till he gat warm agean.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1886, A Queer Supper, John Heywood, section 8:
- One i' th' morning an' me starv'd to th' death wi' waitin' up.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1898, J. Arthur Gibbs, 「When the May-Fly is Up」, 出自 A Cotswold village; or, Country Life & Pursuits in Gloucestershire, London: John Murray, →OCLC，頁號 164:
- Sometimes he remarks, 「 』Tis these dreadful frostis that spiles everything. 』Tis enough to sterve anybody.」
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- (不及物，棄用) 死亡；（晚期用法中指）慢慢死去
- 1596, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, 「Book IV, Canto I」, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 4，頁號 6:
- Seuen moneths he ſo her kept in bitter ſmart, / Becauſe his ſinfull luſt ſhe would not ſerue, / Vntill ſuch time as noble Britomart / Releaſed her, that elſe was like to ſterue / Through cruell knife that her deare heart did kerue.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
變位[編輯]
starve的變位
衍生詞彙[編輯]
- cash-starved
- feed a cold, starve a fever
- ha'penny starver
- hunger-starve
- nonstarved
- nonstarving
- overstarve
- penny starver
- prestarved
- semistarved
- sex-starved
- starvation
- starve-acre
- starve-acre
- starved
- starvedly
- starve-gutted
- starveling
- starve out
- starver
- starve the bardies
- starve the beast
- starve the crows
- starve the lizards
- starving
- starving artist
- starvingly
- unstarved
- while the grass grows, the steed starves
延伸閱讀[編輯]
- 「starve」, Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, OCLC 800618302
- John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), 「starve, v.」, The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd版, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8