stubborn

英语

词源

源自中古英语 stiborne、stibourne、stoburn、stoburne、styburne、stiborn。其词源不详。

一理论认为可能源自*stybor、*stibor，源自古英语 stybb (“树桩”) + 形容词构成后缀 -or，如出现于古英语 bitor、英语 bitter的后缀。

发音

• (通用美式) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈstʌbɚn/
• (标准英音) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈstʌbən/

• （美国）音频：

  (档案)

• （英国）音频：

  (档案)

• 韵部：-ʌbə(ɹ)n
• 断字：stub‧born

形容词

stubborn (比较级 stubborner，最高级 stubbornest)

1. 固执的，执拗的；顽固的；坚持不懈的

   He is pretty stubborn about his political beliefs, so why bother arguing?

   他对自己的政治信念很固执的，何苦和他吵呢？

   Blood can make a very stubborn stain on fabrics if not washed properly.

   血如果不正确清洗会在布料上留下很顽固的污渍。

2. （指材料）坚硬而不易弯曲的；难以加工的

近义词

• willful、headstrong、wayward、obstinate、obdurate、contrary、disobedient、insubordinate、undisciplined、adamant、unyielding、rebellious
• 亦参见Thesaurus:obstinate、perseverant、persistent、enduring

衍生词汇

• stubbornly
• stubbornness

名词

stubborn (不可数)

1. (非正式) 固执，顽固
   • 2003, Dana Stabenow, A Grave Denied, →ISBN，第 86 页:

     But I have to say that one thing you inherited from your mother is a whole lot of stubborn.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2014, Victoria Hamilton, Muffin But Murder, →ISBN:

     That takes a lot of stubborn for a seventy-something man.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2016, Ken Robert Baugh, Just Passing Time, →ISBN:

     Stubborn is not eating pizza out of a square pan because you know it won't taste as good as a round one. Stubborn is spending twelve thousand dollars to fix a five-hundred-dollar truck just because it's “your baby.”

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

2. 柑橘树僵化病
   • 1966, Israel Journal of Botany - Volumes 15-17，第 131 页:

     The extremely low number of control plants infected by stubborn disease suggests that natural spread of stubborn in the vicinity of the experiments is much slower than that reported for psylla-borne greening in South Africa (Schwarz, 1964).

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 1967, Walter Reuther, The Citrus Industry, Volume IV, →ISBN，第 129 页:

     With evidence that the causal agent of stubborn is spread by insects, control or prevention of this disease will prove more difficult than formerly thought to be.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2012, Vincenzo Vacante & Uri Gerson, Integrated Control of Citrus Pests in the Mediterranean Region, →ISBN:

     Sectorial infection of stubborn could be stable for long periods, but may be manifested once the trees are severely pruned, this causing the system spread of S. citri to other non-infected parts.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

延伸阅读

• “stubborn”，Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary，Springfield, Mass.：G. & C. Merriam，1913年，OCLC 800618302
• “stubborn”，The Century Dictionary […]，New York, N.Y.：The Century Co.，1911，OCLC 867766587
• OneLook 在线词典 上有关 stubborn 的释义