ism
英語
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]源自後綴-ism (“信仰”)，特別用於「社會運動」的含意上（19世紀）。對照phobia源自-phobia，sophy源自-sophy，itis源自-itis，以及ana源自-ana。
發音
[编辑]名詞
[编辑]ism (複數 isms)
- 主義、論說
- 近義詞：whateverism
- 1843，Thomas Carlyle，章號 XV, in Past and Present[1]，book 2:
- […] his religion, his worship was like his daily bread to him; — which he did not take the trouble to talk much about; which he merely ate at stated intervals, and lived and did his work upon! This is Abbot Samson’s Catholicism of the Twelfth Century; — something like the Ism of all true men in all true centuries, I fancy! Alas, compared with any of the Isms current in these poor days, what a thing!
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1965，Bertram David Wolfe，Marxism, One Hundred Years in the Life of a Doctrine，頁 357:
- An ism does not have to possess the fearful implements of state power to cut off a a deviant or heretical member.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1969，Walter E. Minchinton，Mercantilism; System Or Expediency?，頁 xi:
- In his exposition, he has failed to achieve the identification of situation, theory, and policy necessary to create an ism.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1986，John Hughes，Ferris Bueller's Day Off，spoken by Ferris Bueller (Matthew Broderick):
- Isms in my opinion are not good. A person should not believe in an ism – he should believe in himself.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1994，Kenneth Kaye，Workplace Wars and How to End Them，頁 70:
- It is important to distinguish between an ism and a mere generalization about group differences. Generalizations that have statistical validity are not isms. An ism assumes that the generalization applies to an individual.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- (特指) 歧視的一種形式，例如種族主義或性別歧視等
參見
[编辑]延伸閱讀
[编辑]- "isms" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 173.
異序詞
[编辑]阿比諾姆語
[编辑]名詞
[编辑]ism
塞普勒斯阿拉伯語
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]繼承自阿拉伯語 اِسْم (ism)，繼承自原始閃米特語 *šim-。
名詞
[编辑]ism
烏茲別克語
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]借自波斯語 اسم (esm)，派生自阿拉伯語 اِسْم (ism).
名詞
[编辑]ism (複數 ismlar)