ism
英语[编辑]
词源[编辑]
源自后缀-ism (“信仰”)，特别用于“社会运动”的含意上（19世纪）。对照phobia源自-phobia，sophy源自-sophy，itis源自-itis，以及ana源自-ana。
发音[编辑]
名词[编辑]
ism (复数 isms)
- 主义、论说
- 近义词： whateverism
- 1843, Thomas Carlyle, 章号 XV, 出自 Past and Present[1], book 2:
- […] his religion, his worship was like his daily bread to him; — which he did not take the trouble to talk much about; which he merely ate at stated intervals, and lived and did his work upon! This is Abbot Samson’s Catholicism of the Twelfth Century; — something like the Ism of all true men in all true centuries, I fancy! Alas, compared with any of the Isms current in these poor days, what a thing!
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1965, Bertram David Wolfe, Marxism, One Hundred Years in the Life of a Doctrine，页号 357:
- An ism does not have to possess the fearful implements of state power to cut off a a deviant or heretical member.
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1969, Walter E. Minchinton, Mercantilism; System Or Expediency?，页号 xi:
- In his exposition, he has failed to achieve the identification of situation, theory, and policy necessary to create an ism.
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1986, John Hughes, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, 角色 Ferris Bueller（Matthew Broderick）:
- Isms in my opinion are not good. A person should not believe in an ism – he should believe in himself.
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1994, Kenneth Kaye, Workplace Wars and How to End Them，页号 70:
- It is important to distinguish between an ism and a mere generalization about group differences. Generalizations that have statistical validity are not isms. An ism assumes that the generalization applies to an individual.
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- (特指) 歧视的一种形式，例如种族主义或性别歧视等
参见[编辑]
延伸阅读[编辑]
- "isms" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 173.
异序词[编辑]
阿比诺姆语[编辑]
名词[编辑]
ism
塞普勒斯阿拉伯语[编辑]
词源[编辑]
继承自阿拉伯语 اِسْم (ism)，继承自原始闪米特语 *šim-。
名词[编辑]
ism
乌兹别克语[编辑]
词源[编辑]
借自波斯语 اسم (esm)，派生自阿拉伯语 اِسْم (ism).
名词[编辑]
ism (复数 ismlar)