跳转到内容

hurtle

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典

英语

[编辑]

发音

[编辑]

词源 1

[编辑]

动词派生自中古英語 hurtelenhurtlen (掷,投;冲向;垮塌;伤害;击倒;推动;冲刺;跌倒) [以及其他形式][1]源自hurten (伤害(肉体或比喻义);损害;羞辱,伤害...的情感;受伤;撞上;推动;跌倒)[2](还见英語 hurt (动词)) + -el--elen (反复态后缀)[3]英语词可作hurt ((弃用)敲打,击打) +‎ -le (反复态后缀)分析。[4]

名词派生自动词。[5]

动词

[编辑]

hurtle (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 hurtles,現在分詞 hurtling,一般過去時及過去分詞 hurtled) (主要用於書面詩歌)

  1. (及物古舊)
    1. 推动,猛,猛丢 重物
      近義詞:flinghurl;亦參見Thesaurus:throw
      He hurtled the wad of paper angrily at the trash can and missed by a mile.
      他生气地朝垃圾桶丢了一捆纸,但是丢偏了很远。
      • [1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book II, Canto VII”, 出自 仙后(The Faerie Qveene . [], London: [] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 42,283:
        Soone as thoſe glitterand armes he did eſpye, / That vvith their brightneſſe made that darknes light, / His harmefull club he gan to hurtle hye, / And threaten batteill to the Faery knight; []
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
        Used to mean “to brandish, to wave”.]
      • Template:RQ:Browning Poems
      • 1882, Charles Miller, “The Delaying Spring”, 出自 The Three Scholars and Other Poems, Edinburgh: Andrew Elliot, [], →OCLC58:
        Away, thou east wind, snarling like a scold! / [] / Now, like sheep-shearer, from some mountain fold, / Thou hurtlest air with twisting, fleecy flakes / Of martial snow, that like a tyrant bold, / His pleasure in his neighbour's vineyard takes, / Nor careth for the wreck that everywhere he makes.
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    2. 使...撞击
    3. (比喻義) (语言上的)抨击
  2. (不及物)
    1. 尤指吵闹地 冲刺横冲直撞
      近義詞:參見Thesaurus:move quickly
      The car hurtled down the hill at 90 miles per hour.
      那辆汽车以145公里的时速呼啸驶下山丘。
      Pieces of broken glass hurtled through the air.
      碎玻璃片划过空中。
    2. (古舊)
      1. (猛烈地)撞击击打
      2. 发出撞击声,发出哐当声;哐哐当当地移动
      3. (比喻義指两个人等) 推搡冲突
变位
[编辑]
衍生词汇
[编辑]

名词

[编辑]

hurtle (可數 不可數,複數 hurtles) (主要用於書面詩歌)

  1. (可數) 撞击冲击
  2. (可數比喻義) 横冲直撞
  3. (可數) 撞击声,哐哐当当
  4. (不可數比喻義) 冲突

词源 2

[编辑]
The bilberry, hurtleberry, or whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), formerly also called the hurtle.

可能是hurtleberry 的截斷形式,源自中古英語 hurtil-beri (欧洲越橘(Vaccinium myrtillus)(果实或植物));[6]之后词源不详,对比中古英語 hortenhurten (欧洲越橘(Vaccinium myrtillus)古英語 horte (欧洲越橘(Vaccinium myrtillus)[7]

名词

[编辑]

hurtle (複數 hurtles)

  1. (棄用罕用) hurtleberrywhortleberry (越橘)之同義詞
    近義詞:(除英国外弃用,方言) hurt

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. hurtelen, v.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. hurten, v.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  3. -el-, suf.(3)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  4. hurtle, v.”,OED Online Paid subscription required,Oxford, Oxfordshire:Oxford University Press,December 2022年; “hurtle, v.”,LexicoDictionary.com; Oxford University Press,2019–present年.
  5. hurtle, n.3”,OED Online Paid subscription required,Oxford, Oxfordshire:Oxford University Press,September 2022年
  6. hurtil-berī, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  7. horten, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007:参阅补充材料(原注释写的是“some kind of fruit tree; ?the cornel cherry”)。

延伸阅读

[编辑]

异序词

[编辑]

中古英语

[编辑]

动词

[编辑]

hurtle

  1. hurtelen的另一種寫法