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naive

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典
參見:naïve

英语

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其他形式

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词源

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借自法語 naïvenaïf的阴性形式,源自拉丁語 nativus (本土的,天然的)native同源對似詞

发音

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  • 國際音標(幫助): /naɪˈiːv/, /nɑːˈiːv/
  • (美国)音频(檔案)
  • 韻部:-iːv

形容词

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naive (比較級 more naive最高級 most naive)

  1. 幼稚的;涉世未深的,不成熟的;天真的,纯朴
    • 1965,Richard Rogers, Oscar Hammerstein II (作曲作詞), “Going on Seventeen”, in The Sound of Music[1]:
      I am sixteen going on seventeen, I know that I'm naive
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • Module:Parse_utilities第636行Lua错误:attempt to index local 'term' (a nil value)
  2. 暴露于某物的
    • 2011, Lila Miller, Kate Hurley, Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters
      Animals entering shelters are either (a) immunologically naïve and susceptible to infection and development of disease if exposed to pathogens; (b) already immune []
  3. (藝術) 稚拙派
    • 2006,Janis Mink,Joan Miró, →ISBN,頁 33:
      By 1921 when Miró painted his key work, naive painting had been recognized by the avantgarde art world as a genre in its own right.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
  4. (計算機) 直观
    • 2007,Takao Terano, Huan Liu, & Arbee L.P. Chen,Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, →ISBN:
      We have experiments of running our matching algorithm and a naive matching algorithm for such a term tree and a tree, and have compared the performance of the two algorithms.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯

用法说明

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  • Google Ngram Viewer数据显示,naive在历史上比naïve更为常用,但后者在2000年以后开始逐渐被广泛使用,达到了前者的程度。[1]但是不清楚Viewer是否能正确扫描该变音符。
  • 词典收录情况:
    • naive收录于梅里厄姆-韦伯斯特[2]、AHD[3]、柯林斯[4]、麦克米伦[5]、剑桥[6]与《牛津英语词典》[7]内。
    • naïve收录于梅里厄姆-韦伯斯特(作为变体)[2]、AHD[3]、柯林斯(作为变体)[4]、麦克米伦(作为变体)[5]、剑桥(作为变体)[6]、《牛津英语词典》(作为变体)[7]与Century 1911[8]内。
  • 美国政府出版局手册称“变音符号不适用于英语化的单词中”,并提到了naivenaivete两词。[9]
  • “Guardian and Observer style guide”中的naivenaivelynaivety均不带变音符号。[10]
  • naïve中的分音符用于表示两个音节分开发音。[11]
  • naïve在法语中是阴性形容词,阳性形式naïfnaif有时在英语中用来形容男性,但是一般来说naive/naïve更常作中性使用。

近义词

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反义词

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衍生词汇

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相关词汇

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名词

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naive (複數 naives)

  1. 涉世未深的人,天真的人
    • 2010,Daphne Oz,The Dorm Room Diet:
      As a seasoned woman—of nineteen—I felt it was my place to tell each of these naïves that such plans were easier made than followed.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • 2018,King Midas,Stupid Brokers - Stupid Clients:
      In other words, they'd buy securities from these naives for 55 and sell them similar securities for 65. In plain English, they'd pay $550 per $1,000 bond and turn right around and sell them similar stuff for $650.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯

参考资料

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  1. naive, naïve at Google Ngram Viewer
  2. 2.0 2.1 naive”在《Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary》上的資料。
  3. 3.0 3.1 naive”,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language [美國傳統英語詞典],第五版,麻薩諸塞州波士頓:霍頓・米夫林・哈考特,2016,ISBN 978-0-544-45445-3
  4. 4.0 4.1 naive”in the《Collins English Dictionary》in the
  5. 5.0 5.1 naive” (US) / “naive” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
  6. 6.0 6.1 naive”in the《Cambridge English Dictionary》in the,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press
  7. 7.0 7.1 naive”,OED Online Paid subscription required,Oxford, Oxfordshire:Oxford University Press,launched 2000年
  8. naive”,The Century Dictionary [],New York, N.Y.:The Century Co.,1911,OCLC 867766587
  9. Template:R:GPOSM
  10. Guardian and Observer style guide, theguardian.com
  11. What's a Diaeresis? | Merriam-Webster

延伸阅读

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异序词

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丹麦语

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形容词

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naive

  1. naiv 的屈折:
    1. 單數
    2. 複數

世界语

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词源

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源自naiva +‎ -e

发音

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副词

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naive

  1. 幼稚地

德语

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发音

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形容词

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naive

  1. naiv 的屈折:
    1. 強變化/混合變化主格/賓格陰性單數
    2. 強變化主格/賓格複數
    3. 弱變化主格任意性別單數
    4. 弱變化賓格陰性/中性單數

书面挪威语

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形容词

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naive

  1. naiv單數/複數

新挪威语

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形容词

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naive

  1. naiv單數/複數

瑞典语

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形容词

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naive

  1. naiv 的原级自然阳性定形。