naive

維基詞典，自由的多語言詞典
參見：naïve

英语[编辑]

其他形式[编辑]

词源[编辑]

借自法語 naïve，naïf的阴性形式，源自拉丁語 nativus (“本土的，天然的”)。native的同源對似詞。

发音[编辑]

  • 國際音標(幫助)：/naɪˈiːv/, /nɑːˈiːv/
  • （美国）音频（文檔）
  • 韻部：-iːv

形容词[编辑]

naive (比較級 more naive, 最高級 most naive)

  1. 幼稚的；涉世未深的，不成熟的；天真的，纯朴的
    • 1965, Richard Rogers, Oscar Hammerstein II （作曲作詞）, “Going on Seventeen”, 出自 The Sound of Music‎[1]:
      I am sixteen going on seventeen, I know that I'm naive
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, 經由 PC, →ISBN, →OCLC，幕：Krogan: Genophage Codex entry:
      The salarians believed the genophage would be used as a deterrent, a position the turians viewed as naive. Once the project was complete, the turians mass produced and deployed it. The krogan homeworld, their colonies, and all occupied worlds were infected.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  2. 未暴露于某物的
    • 2011, Lila Miller, Kate Hurley, Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters
      Animals entering shelters are either (a) immunologically naïve and susceptible to infection and development of disease if exposed to pathogens; (b) already immune […]
  3. (藝術) 稚拙派的
    • 2006, Janis Mink, Joan Miró, →ISBN，頁號 33:
      By 1921 when Miró painted his key work, naive painting had been recognized by the avantgarde art world as a genre in its own right.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  4. (計算機) 直观的
    • 2007, Takao Terano, Huan Liu, & Arbee L.P. Chen, Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, →ISBN:
      We have experiments of running our matching algorithm and a naive matching algorithm for such a term tree and a tree, and have compared the performance of the two algorithms.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

用法说明[编辑]

  • Google Ngram Viewer数据显示，naive在历史上比naïve更为常用，但后者在2000年以后开始逐渐被广泛使用，达到了前者的程度。[1]但是不清楚Viewer是否能正确扫描该变音符。
  • 词典收录情况：
    • naive收录于梅里厄姆-韦伯斯特[2]、AHD[3]、柯林斯[4]、麦克米伦[5]、剑桥[6]与《牛津英语词典》[7]内。
    • naïve收录于梅里厄姆-韦伯斯特（作为变体）[2]、AHD[3]、柯林斯（作为变体）[4]、麦克米伦（作为变体）[5]、剑桥（作为变体）[6]、《牛津英语词典》（作为变体）[7]与Century 1911[8]内。
  • 美国政府出版局手册称“变音符号不适用于英语化的单词中”，并提到了naive和naivete两词。[9]
  • “Guardian and Observer style guide”中的naive、naively和naivety均不带变音符号。[10]
  • naïve中的分音符用于表示两个音节分开发音。[11]
  • naïve在法语中是阴性形容词，阳性形式naïf或naif有时在英语中用来形容男性，但是一般来说naive/naïve更常作中性使用。

近义词[编辑]

反义词[编辑]

衍生词汇[编辑]

相关词汇[编辑]

名词[编辑]

naive (複數 naives)

  1. 涉世未深的人，天真的人
    • 2010, Daphne Oz, The Dorm Room Diet:
      As a seasoned woman—of nineteen—I felt it was my place to tell each of these naïves that such plans were easier made than followed.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 2018, King Midas, Stupid Brokers - Stupid Clients:
      In other words, they'd buy securities from these naives for 55 and sell them similar securities for 65. In plain English, they'd pay $550 per $1,000 bond and turn right around and sell them similar stuff for $650.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

参考资料[编辑]

  1. ↑ naive, naïve at Google Ngram Viewer
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 “naive” in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 “naive”, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language [美國傳統英語詞典], 第五版, 麻薩諸塞州波士頓: 霍頓・米夫林・哈考特, 2016, ISBN 978-0-544-45445-3
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 “naive” in the Collins English Dictionary
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 “naive” (US) / “naive” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 “naive” in the Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 “naive”, OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000
  8. ↑ “naive”, The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, OCLC 867766587
  9. ↑ Template:R:GPOSM
  10. ↑ Guardian and Observer style guide, theguardian.com
  11. ↑ What's a Diaeresis? | Merriam-Webster

延伸阅读[编辑]

异序词[编辑]

丹麦语[编辑]

形容词[编辑]

naive

  1. naiv 的屈折变化形式：
    1. 定單數
    2. 複數

世界语[编辑]

词源[编辑]

源自naiva +‎ -e。

发音[编辑]

副词[编辑]

naive

  1. 幼稚地

德语[编辑]

发音[编辑]

形容词[编辑]

naive

  1. naiv 的屈折变化形式：
    1. 強變化/混合變化主格/賓格陰性單數
    2. 強變化主格/賓格複數
    3. 弱變化主格任意性別單數
    4. 弱變化賓格陰性/中性單數

书面挪威语[编辑]

形容词[编辑]

naive

  1. naiv 的定單數/複數

新挪威语[编辑]

形容词[编辑]

naive

  1. naiv 的定單數/複數

瑞典语[编辑]

形容词[编辑]

naive

  1. naiv 的原级自然阳性定形。
来自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=naive&oldid=7695159”