couth
英語[編輯]
發音[編輯]
詞源 1[編輯]
源自中古英語 cǒuth (「熟悉的，知道的；顯然的，真實的；著名的；文雅的，文質彬彬的」)，源自古英語 cūþ (「熟悉的，知道的；顯而易見的；著名的；很好的；友好的；有關的」)，cunnan (「熟悉，知道；知道，了解，會，能夠」)的過去分詞[1][2]，源自原始日耳曼語 *kunnaną (「熟悉，知道，分辨；會，能夠」)（對比*kunþaz (「知道的，已知的」)），最終源自原始印歐語 *ǵneh₃- (「知道」)。同源詞包括荷蘭語 kond (「已知的」)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 cut (「已知的」)、哥特語 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (kunþs, 「已知的」)、冰島語 kuður、kunnur (「已知的」)、拉丁語 gnosco (「知道」)、古高地德語 kund、chund、chunt、中古高地德語 kunt （現代德語 kund (「知道的」)）、古撒克遜語 kūth、cûth、cuð (「為人所知的；著名的」)、低地蘇格蘭語 couth (「熟悉的，知道的」)[1]。且是could的同源對似詞。
形容詞[編輯]
couth (比較級 more couth，最高級 most couth)
- (棄用) 熟悉的，知道的；著名的
- 反義詞： (棄用) uncouth
- (蘇格蘭) couthie的變體
- 宜人的，恰當的，適合的
- 舒適的
- 2012, La』Vez Robinson Sr., 「Deutschland」, 出自 On My Own: Putting the Past behind Me, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN，頁號 203:
- Squad leaders were responsible for doing periodic checks to make sure soldiers were living a couth lifestyle, as Joes would compete regularly to see whose room was nicer.
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詞源 2[編輯]
形容詞[編輯]
couth (比較級 more couth，最高級 most couth)
- 有教養的，文雅的，禮貌的
- 反義詞： uncouth
- 1943, Henry Sturmey, H. Walter Staner, The Autocar: A Journal Published in the Interests of the Mechanically Propelled Road Carriage, 卷 88, London: Iliffe, Sons & Sturney, →OCLC，頁號 632，列號 3:
- So Dennis May thrilled me in a recent issue when he described Raymond Mays' 1939 E.R.A. racer as a "couth" little Merc-like model.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1991, John Percival 編, Dance and Dancers, London: Dance & Dancers Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC，頁號 37:
- Yet the dancers are beautiful, their cool movement has a couth simplicity, and there are moments when a gesture of almost absolute beauty stands transfixed in some transom of sublime comprehension.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2010 2月 7, 「Sir John Dankworth [obituary]」, 出自 Tony Gallagher 編, The Daily Telegraph[1], London: Telegraph Media Group, →ISSN, →OCLC，於24 January 2019歸檔自原頁面:
- [John] Dankworth's care over the shaping and presentation of his music led occasionally to complaints that it was clever, lightweight stuff, lacking the rough passion which many regarded as the mark of authentic jazz, a view summed up by the critic Kitty Grime in the much-quoted phrase "couth, kempt and shevelled".
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
名詞[編輯]
- 禮儀，禮貌，教養，文雅
- That man has no couth.
- 那個人沒禮貌。
- 1995, Ben[jamin] J[oseph] Wattenberg, 「Those Darn Cultural Issues」, 出自 Values Matter Most: How Democrats or Republicans or a Third Party Can Win and Renew the American Way of Life, Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, →ISBN, part 2 (What It’s Not)，頁號 107:
- There is an aspect of the cultural conservative argument that sometimes drifts dangerously close to tha view, elitist to the core, as elitist as the New Class, as elitist as limousine liberalism: The public ain't got no couth. You can hear those old-fashioned elitist wheels spinning: Maybe we need a few government regulations to deal with the couth shortage.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2004, W[illiam] Bruce Cameron, 「How to Increase a Man’s Couth」, 出自 How to Remodel a Man: Tips and Techniques on Accomplishing Something You Know Is Impossible but Want to Try Anyway, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN; 再版為 How to Remodel a Man: You Know It’s Impossible but You Want to Try Anyway, London: HarperCollins, 2005, →ISBN，頁號 62:
- My daughters have long and inappropriately been members of the Committee to Reform Dad's Hygiene, taking me to task for my supposed lack of couth.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2005, Heidi Munan, Culture Shock!: Malaysia: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette (Culture Shock!), Portland, Or.: Graphics Art Center Pub. Co., →ISBN，頁號 86:
- Couth and manners are intensely subjective concepts. Each culture has its own standards of acceptable table manners, for instance.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2006, Mark Powell, Blood Kin: A Novel, Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, →ISBN，頁號 97:
- You got no couth, Ed. You was raised no-count is what you were. No count and you ain't got a lick of couth.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- (罕用) 有禮貌的人，有教養的人
- [1967, Bernice Fitz-Gibbon, Macy’s, Gimbels, and Me: How to Earn $90,000 a Year in Retail Advertising, New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC，頁號 91:
- We transformed the uncouths into couths, the unkempts into kempts, the inerts into erts! We did it all by speaking to teen-agers on their own terms and in their own language.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- ]
- 1968 November, 「C. R. Terror」, 出自 Richard L. Anderson 編, The MAC Flyer (USAF Recurring Publication; 62-5), 卷 XV, 期 11, Scott Air Force Base, Ill.: Directorate of Safety, Headquarters Military Airlift Command, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁號 28，列號 1:
- I'm going to hit that "Gulf of Texas" beach with a bundle of couths and suaves because those Texas gals that hang around the big shrimp boats are used to good living.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
參考資料[編輯]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 「couth, adj. (and n.1)」, OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1893
- ↑ 「cǒuth, adj. (& n.)」 in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 27 November 2018.
異序詞[編輯]
中古英語[編輯]
形容詞[編輯]
couth