puke
外观
英語
[编辑]發音
[编辑]詞源 1
[编辑]可能是擬聲詞;或者,源自原始日耳曼語 *pukaną (“吐、噴”),再追溯至原始印歐語 *bew- (“吹、膨脹”)。若如此,則與德語 pfauchen, fauchen (“嘶嘶聲、吐口水”)、荷蘭語 spugen (“吐、嘔吐”)、德語 spucken (“吐、嘔吐、嘔出”)、古英語 spīwan (“嘔吐、吐”) 相關。更多可參見 spew。
最早可追溯至 1581 年,首次出現的派生詞是 pukishness (“經常生病的傾向”)。在 1600 年,「吐出、反胃」的用法出現在莎士比亞《皆大歡喜》中「人生七階」的演說裡。
名詞
[编辑]- (口語,不可數) 嘔吐
- 2007, The Guardian, The Guardian Science blog, "The latest in the war on terror: the puke saber"
- the puke saber [...] pulses light over rapidly changing wavelengths, apparently inducing "disorientation, nausea and even vomiting"
- 嘔吐劍 [...] 在快速變化的波長上脈動發光,顯然會引起「迷失方向、噁心甚至嘔吐」
- the puke saber [...] pulses light over rapidly changing wavelengths, apparently inducing "disorientation, nausea and even vomiting"
- 2007, The Guardian, The Guardian Science blog, "The latest in the war on terror: the puke saber"
- (口語,可數) 催吐劑
- 1776,Physician Lewis Beebe,Diary of a Revolutionary Army Physician[1]:
- "at 8 a.m. took a puke of vinum antimoniale; which operated very kindly; was very weak the remainder of the day."
- 「上午八點服用了一劑吐劑;效果相當溫和;但剩下的一整天都非常虛弱。」
- (口語,可數) 卑劣、可鄙的人
- (美國,俚語,貶義,可數) 密蘇里州人
- 2009,Clive Scott Chisholm,Following the Wrong God Home: Footloose in an American Dream:
- "Pukes" and "suckers" had badly mauled the Saints, the first pummeling them from Missouri and the second from Illinois.
- 「密蘇里州人」和「伊利諾州人」曾狠狠地攻擊聖徒,前者從密蘇里州打擊他們,後者則來自伊利諾州。
近義詞
[编辑]- 參見「類義詞庫:vomit」
- (人) rotter
派生詞
[编辑]動詞
[编辑]puke (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 pukes,現在分詞 puking,簡單過去時和過去分詞 puked)
- (口語,及物、不及物) 嘔吐;吐出
- Unfortunately, he could not hold it long enough till the end of the ride, so he puked on the bus seat.
- 不幸的是,他沒能忍到旅程結束,於是就在公車座位上嘔吐了。
- c. 1598–1600 (date written),William Shakespeare,「As You Like It」,收錄於Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […](First Folio),London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount,1623 出版,→OCLC,「[Act II, scene vii]」:
- At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 1612–1613 (date written), John Webster, The Tragedy of the Dutchesse of Malfy. […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, for Iohn Waterson, […], published 1623, →OCLC, Act II, scene i, signature D2, recto:
- I obſerue our Ducheſſe / Is ſicke a dayes, ſhe puykes, her ſtomacke ſeethes, […]
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- (不及物,金融,俚語) 拋售
近義詞
[编辑]派生詞
[编辑]詞源 2
[编辑]這個詞源尚不完整。你可以幫助維基詞典,補充該詞的起源說明。
名詞
[编辑]puke (不可數)
- 毛呢布料
- c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:
- Puke-stocking caddis garter
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 暗紅褐色
參考資料
[编辑]- 毛呢布料:Word Detective
- The Universal Dictionary of English, 1896, 4 vols: "Of a dark colour, said to be between black and russet."
- “puke”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
夏威夷語
[编辑]詞源
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[编辑]名詞
[编辑]puke