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lexicography

維基詞典，自由的多語言詞典

英語

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詞源

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源自 lexico- (表示「言語；詞語」的前綴) +‎ -graphy (表示「關於特定主題的書面內容」的後綴)。[1]

發音

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名詞

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lexicography (可數 和 不可數，複數 lexicographies)

  1. (不可數) 辭書學；編纂和撰述詞典的學問
    • 1735 2月 22, “Craftsman, Feb. 22 [Julian calendar]. Nº 451.”, 出自 Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave] 編, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, 卷 V, London: […] Edward Cave, […], 出版於 February 1735, →OCLC，頁號 85，列號 1:
      [T]here are ſeveral Species of Writing, in which a proper Degree of Hebetude is abſolutely neceſſary, as well as in other profeſſions; such as Lexicography, Index-making, and the like; [...]
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    • Template:RQ:Johnson Dictionary
    • 1795 12月 22, [John Philpot] Curran (defence counsel), “612. Trial of James Weldon for High Treason, […]”, 出自 Thomas Jones Howell 編, Cobbett’s Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and Other Crimes and Misdemeanors […], 卷 XXVI, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; [et al.], 出版於 1819, →OCLC，列號 267:
      Let me warn you, therefore, against that fallacious lexicography which forms new words, that undergoing the examination of political slander or intemperate zeal, are considered as having a known acception.—What is the word?—A word that should be discarded, when it is sought to affix to it another meaning than that which it bears in the cases where it is used.
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    • 1802, Henry Neuman, “Preface”, 出自 A New Dictionary of the Spanish and English Languages; […] In Two Parts, 1st part (The Spanish before the English), London: […] Vernor and Hood, […], →OCLC:
      [...] I have not only availed myſelf of all the Aſſiſtance which more ancient Sources of Spaniſh Lexicography could afford, but alſo had particular Recourſe to the Dictionary published at Madrid in 1797 and 1798, [...]
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    • 1831, Ying Hing Soo, “Book Second”, 出自 Charles Fried. Neumann [i.e., Karl Friedrich Neumann]（譯者）, History of the Pirates who Infested the China Sea，源自1807 to 1810. […], London: […] Oriental Translation Fund, […], →OCLC, footnote，頁號 54:
      There exist different forms of this character, but I think we should not presume to make an etymology of a Chinese character without being authorized by the Shwǒ wǎn, the oldest and most genuine source of Chinese lexicography.
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    • 1999, A[nthony] P[aul] Cowie, “The Role of the Computer in Learner Lexicography”, 出自 English Dictionaries for Foreign Learners: A History, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, section 4.1 (Introduction)，頁號 118:
      Without doubt, the most important single development in learner lexicography from the mid-1970s onwards has been the steadily increasing involvement of the computer at all stages of the dictionary-making process，源自data gathering and analysis at one end, to compilation, production, and revision at the other.
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    • 2013, Amy Chi, “Researching Pedagogical Lexicography”, 出自 Howard Jackson 編, The Bloomsbury Companion to Lexicography (Bloomsbury Companions), London, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Academic, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN，頁號 165:
      A dictionary, as an art and craft of lexicography, has always been closely associated with the notion of pedagogy.
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  2. (不可數，語言學) 分析和描述某語言詞彙中的語義、組合和範式關係，並發展詞典組件和結構理論、以將詞典中各部分資料聯繫起來的學術學科
    • 1828, Moses Stuart, “Changes of Consonants”, 出自 A Grammar of the Hebrew Language, 3rd版, Andover, Mass.: Flagg & Gould, →OCLC, part II (Changes and Peculiarities of Consonants and Verbs), § 105，頁號 51:
      But changes of this nature belong to lexicography, as they do not affect the grammatical forms of words.
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    • 1840, Geo. Benedict Winer [i.e., Georg Benedikt Winer], “§ 4. Grammatical Character of the N.T. Diction.”, 出自 J. H Agnew, O. G. Ebbeke（譯者）, A Grammar of the Idioms of the Greek Language of the New Testament, Philadelphia, Pa.: Herman Hooker, […], →OCLC, part I，頁號 37:
      What the history of language in general teaches, that in course of time, there is less change in form than signification, in grammar than lexicography, is true of the Greek.
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    • 1845 February, Wilhelm Freund, “Article IV. Principles of Latin Lexicography.”, 出自 T[heodore] D[wight] Woolsey（譯者）, Bibliotheca Sacra and Theological Review, 卷 II, 期 V, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam; Andover, Mass.: Allen, Morrill and Wardwell, →OCLC, section I (Of the Idea and Elements of Latin Lexicography), § 1，頁號 80:
      If Lexicography in general is that science whose task it is to set forth the nature of every single word of a language through all the periods of its existence, it is the task of Latin lexicography in particular to set forth the nature of every single word of the Latin language, as it makes itself known in all the periods of the existence of that language; or more succinctly expressed, it is the object of Latin lexicography to give the history of every single word of the Latin language.
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    • 1911 12月 13, C. J. Ball, “A Study in Biblical Philology”, 出自 Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archæology, 卷 XXXIII, 期 CCXLIX, London: Society of Biblical Archaeology, →OCLC，頁號 13:
      [T]he philologist may well refuse to accept a body of triliteral roots, developed on a highly artificial and uniform plan, as the ultimate fact in Semitic lexicography.
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    • 2002, Howard Jackson, “Criticising Dictionaries”, 出自 Lexicography: An Introduction, London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN，頁號 173:
      Academic lexicography, or 'metalexicography', as pursued in university departments of English or Linguistics, is concerned not primarily with the compiling of dictionaries – though academics may be involved in this, as consultants, for example – but with researching and teaching about the whole business of making dictionaries: their history, their typology, their structures, their users, and so on [...].
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  3. (可數) 詞典，詞彙表
    • 1828 October, Joseph Story, Associate Judge of the Supreme Court, William P. Mason (reporter), “United States vs. an Open Boat and Lading”, 出自 Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit Court of the United States, for the First Circuit, 卷 V, Boston, Mass.: Hilliard, Gray, Little, and Wilkins, 出版於 1831, →OCLC，頁號 134:
      There can be no doubt, that in a general sense a boat is a vessel, for it is "a vehicle in which men or goods are carried on the water," which is one of the definitions of a vessel given in our lexicographies; [...]
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    • 1855 March, “A Bag of Wind”, 出自 Putnam’s Monthly. A Magazine of Literature, Science, and Art, 卷 V, 期 XXVII, New York, N.Y.: Dix & Edwards, […]; London: Sampson Low, Son & Co., →OCLC，頁號 251，列號 1:
      "Air put in motion" is the brief description of the wind in lexicographies; but what a contrast in quality according to its direction; [...]
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    • 1998, Christopher Leigh Connery, “Textual Authority and Textual Practice”, 出自 The Empire of the Text: Writing and Authority in Early Imperial China, Lanham, Md., Oxford, Oxfordshire: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, →ISBN，頁號 37:
      The earliest examples of dictionaries or lexicographies in nearly any culture serve more to regularize and standardize the lexicon than to list or inventory it, and as such would tend to take as their object textual rather than spoken language.
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相關詞彙

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參考資料

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  1. ↑ 對照“lexicography, n.”, OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1902; “lexicography, n.”, Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.

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来自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=lexicography&oldid=8568932”