prerogative
参见：prérogative
英语
[编辑]
其他形式
[编辑]- prærogative (弃用)
词源
[编辑]源自盎格鲁-诺曼语 prerogative (名词)，源自拉丁语 praerogātīva (“之前的裁决；特权”)，praerogātīvus (“有特权的，有最先发言权力的”)阴性单数的名词用法。
发音
[编辑]名词
[编辑]prerogative (复数 prerogatives)
- 特权
- （君主等的）裁决权，决定权；君权
- Despite being a constitutional monarchy, the British sovereign still retain many royal prerogatives.
- 尽管英国属于君主立宪制政体，但英国君主仍保留了很多君主特权。
- 1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol I, ch 1-pt i:
- The military fame of a subject was considered as an insolent invasion of the Imperial prerogative; and it became the duty, as well as interest, of every Roman general, to guard the frontiers intrusted to his care, without aspiring to conquests which might have proved no less fatal to himself than to the vanquished barbarians.
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- 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], 章号 XLII, 出自 Francesca Carrara. […], 第 III 卷, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，第 352 页:
- Lord Avonleigh had decided on taking refuge in wounded dignity, when he was again addressed by the King. "The castle holds another prisoner, to whom I intend extending the best prerogative of my crown—mercy. Will you order Robert Evelyn to be brought before me?"
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- （职责、职位等的）权力
- 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Reminiscences”, 出自 Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], 第 II 卷, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，第 206 页:
- I hear my chair in the hall; and to keep Lord Marchmont waiting, when he has announced his intention of supping at home, far exceeds my prerogative; so good night, dearest, you will either see or hear from me to-morrow.
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- 2002, Patrick Robinson, The Shark Mutiny，第 48 页:
- "Ah, that's your prerogative as an Intelligence officer, Jimmy. But it's been your prerogative for weeks, months, and nothing has happened, as I told you […] "
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- 2004, Joel Osteen, Your best life now: 7 steps to living at your full potential，第 92 页:
- If you want to wear your hair a certain way, that's your prerogative. You don't have to check with all your friends to make sure it's okay.
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- 2005, Tracy Hogg, Melinda Blau, Secrets of the Baby Whisperer: How to Calm, Connect, and Communicate，第 56 页:
- If you choose another approach — that's your prerogative. But the problem is that parents often don't realize they're making the choice […]
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- 2020年12月2日, Andy Byford talks to Paul Clifton, “I enjoy really big challenges...”, 出自 Rail，第 55 页:
- "I know what is important to Sadiq [Khan, London Mayor], and I know how to explain things to him in a way that maximises our chances of getting the right thing. If he chooses not to take my advice, that is absolutely his prerogative. But he gave me the job, and I intend to pay him back by delivering what he needs."
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- 先天的优势或特权
形容词
[编辑]prerogative (比较级 more prerogative，最高级 most prerogative)
- 拥有特权的
- 不经法律的
- 2020, Jan Christoph Suntrup, “Between prerogative power and legality – reading Ernst Fraenkel’s The Dual State as an analytical tool for present authoritarian rule”, 出自 Jurisprudence, 第 11 卷, 第 3 期, ，第 335–359 页s:
- Law-eroding prerogative developments cannot only be witnessed in hybrid regimes, but also in democratic states, which resort to reflections and practices of an ‘enemy criminal law’, and in the European Union’s recent crisis politics.
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
衍生词汇
[编辑]参考资料
[编辑]- John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989)，“prerogative”，The Oxford English Dictionary，2nd版，Oxford：Clarendon Press，ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8
意大利语
[编辑]名词
[编辑]prerogative f 复
异序词
[编辑]中古法语
[编辑]词源
[编辑]可能继承自古法语prerogative，或独立借自拉丁语 praerogativa。
名词
[编辑]prerogative f (复数 prerogatives)
形容词
[编辑]prerogative f 单
古法语
[编辑]词源
[编辑]首个引文见于1234年，借自拉丁语 praerogātīva (“先前的裁决；特权”)。
名词
[编辑]prerogative f (间接格复数 prerogatives，主格单数 prerogative，主格复数 prerogatives)