syndrome

參見：Syndrome

英語

詞源

古典借詞，源自新拉丁語 syndrome，源自古希臘語 συνδρομή (sundromḗ，“症状同时发生；人群聚集”)，源自 σύνδρομος (súndromos，“一起奔跑”)，源自 συν- (sun-，“一起，一同，帶著”) + δρόμος (drómos，“奔跑；路線”)。

發音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈsɪndɹəʊm/, /-dɹəm/

• 音頻 (南英格蘭)：

  (檔案)

• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): / ˈsin-ˌdrōm/、國際音標^(幫助): /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/, /-dɹəm/
• 斷字：syn‧drome

名詞

syndrome (複數 syndromes)

2. (病理學) 綜合徵，症候群

   Down syndrome; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; restless-leg syndrome; battered-wife syndrome ― 唐氏綜合徵；获得性免疫缺陷綜合徵；不寧腿症候群；受虐婦女綜合徵

   • 2004，Gerald Rosen，Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Issues and Controversies，頁 127:

     A “zone of rarity” emerges when symptoms cluster neatly into syndromes and interforms are uncommon, although not altogether absent. Fuzzy boundaries and interforms are a special problem for PTSD […]

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2013 May-June，Katie L. Burke，“In the News”, in American Scientist，卷 101, 期 3，頁 193:

     Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.

     蝙蝠携带多种可感染人类的知名病毒，包括严重急性呼吸道综合征和埃博拉病毒。最近的一项研究通过将蝙蝠与另一类常见宿主——啮齿动物进行比较，探索了可能导致蝙蝠携带此类人畜共患疾病的生态变量。

3. 任何一组被视为识别特定类型、状况等的特征（一般是負面的）

   not-in-my-backyard syndrome; tip-of-the-tongue syndrome ― 邻避綜合徵；話在嘴邊綜合徵

   • 1980年8月9日，John D'Emilio，“There's No Place Like Home”, in Gay Community News，頁 8:

     My roommate, Tony, and I were sitting in our living room on a Saturday afternoon trying to decide what to do that night. You know the syndrome: Saturday night when everyone is supposed to do something exciting and have a great time. If you don't, you're likely to wake up on Sunday morning feeling weird and lonely.

     周六下午，我和室友托尼坐在客厅里，想着晚上该做什么。你知道人是有这种综合征的：周六晚上每个人都应该做一些令人兴奋的事情，玩得开心。如果你不这样做，你很可能会在周日早上醒来时感到奇怪和孤独。

   • 1989年11月3日，“Jimmy Carson Comes Home; He's a Redwing”, in The Argus-Press (Owesso, Michigan)‎^{[news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=19891103&id...sjid...pg...]}:

     Fledgling superstar Jimmy Carson couldn't bear another day in Edmonton living in the void created by the departure of Wayne Gretzky, whose brokenhearted fans never accepted his replacement. It was very difficult for me to play in Edmonton in the whole Gretzky syndrome," Carson said Thurs day after a six-player trade ...

     初出茅庐的超级明星吉米·卡森无法忍受在埃德蒙顿再过一天，因为韦恩·格雷茨基的离开而留下了空白，伤心欲绝的球迷从未接受他的替代者。在格雷茨基综合征的笼罩下，我很难在埃德蒙顿打球，”卡森在六人交易后的周四表示……

   • 2012，Steven D. Price，Excuses for All Occasions: Alibis Apologies and Cop-Outs That Can Get You Out of (or Into) Trouble‎^[1]:

     Speaking of medicine, rationalizers seem to enjoy latching on health excuses. Syndromes are a fertile field. Let's say you're accused of being unable to accept responsibility or otherwise behaving like an adult. That's not your fault, you counter—you suffer from Peter Pan Syndrome. Can't get around to cleaning up your room or office cubicle? Of course not—you suffer from tertiary Bag Lady Syndrome.

     说到医学，人辩解的时候似乎喜欢用健康问题作为借口。综合征是一块肥沃的沃土。假设有人指责你无法承担责任，或者行为举止不像成年人。你反驳说这不是你的错——你患有彼得潘综合征。没时间打扫房间或办公室隔间？当然不是——你患有第三级流浪女综合征。

下位詞

• 13q deletion syndrome
• 1p36 deletion syndrome
• 2q37 deletion syndrome
• 9q34 deletion syndrome
• Aarskog-Scott syndrome
• Abdallat-Davis-Farrage syndrome
• Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome
• Achenbach's syndrome
• Achenbach syndrome
• Ackerman syndrome
• acquired immune deficiency syndrome
• acro-dermato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth syndrome
• acute respiratory distress syndrome
• acute retroviral syndrome
• Adams-Nance syndrome
• adult respiratory distress syndrome
• ADULT syndrome
• alpha-gal syndrome
• alpha-thalassemia-intellectual disability syndrome
• Alport syndrome
• Andermann syndrome
• Antley-Bixler syndrome
• aortocaval compression syndrome
• army ant syndrome
• Asherman's syndrome
• Asperger syndrome
• ATR-16 syndrome
• Austrian syndrome
• Avellis syndrome
• Axenfeld syndrome
• Ayazi syndrome
• baby duck syndrome
• Baggio–Yoshinari syndrome
• balloon syndrome
• Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome
• Basedow's syndrome
• battered child syndrome
• battered person syndrome
• battered woman syndrome
• Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome
• Behçet's syndrome
• Bernhardt-Roth syndrome
• berserk llama syndrome
• Bilginturan syndrome
• Bloom syndrome
• Bloom-Torre-Machacek syndrome
• blue diaper syndrome
• Boerhaave syndrome
• Bohring-Opitz syndrome
• Bouveret-Hoffmann syndrome
• broken-heart syndrome
• Brown-Séquard syndrome
• Brown syndrome
• Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome
• bubble baby syndrome
• burning feet syndrome
• burning tongue syndrome
• canine epileptoid cramping syndrome
• Cantú syndrome
• cardiac syndrome X
• Carey Fineman Ziter syndrome
• Carpenter syndrome
• Carvajal syndrome
• cerebral salt-wasting syndrome
• CHAPLE syndrome
• Cheadle-Möller-Barlow syndrome
• chemosyndrome
• Chernobyl syndrome
• Chiari-Frommel syndrome
• CHILD syndrome
• China syndrome
• Christian syndrome
• chronic COVID syndrome
• chronic fatigue syndrome
• Columbine syndrome
• constriction ring syndrome
• Cooks syndrome
• Costen's syndrome
• Cowden syndrome
• cracked tooth syndrome
• crowned dens syndrome
• Danbolt-Closs syndrome
• deer in the headlight syndrome
• de la Chapelle syndrome
• Derangement Syndrome
• derangement syndrome
• descending perineum syndrome
• Desert Storm syndrome
• diabetic stiff hand syndrome
• Diogenes syndrome
• disconnection syndrome
• domestication syndrome
• Doose syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Down syndrome regression disorder
• Dressler syndrome
• Dubowitz syndrome
• dummy foal syndrome
• Dunning-Kruger syndrome
• Dutch-Kentucky syndrome
• economy class syndrome
• Edwards syndrome
• Eisenmenger's syndrome
• Ekbom's syndrome
• Ekiri syndrome
• Elejalde syndrome
• empty nest syndrome
• empty nose syndrome
• episodic dyscontrol syndrome
• euthyroid sick syndrome
• Everest syndrome
• false memory syndrome
• Fashoda syndrome
• fetal alcohol syndrome
• Finlay-Marks syndrome
• fish acute toxicity syndrome
• Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome
• foreign accent syndrome
• Fountain syndrome
• Fowler's syndrome
• Franceschetti-Klein syndrome
• full-nest syndrome
• full nest syndrome
• GAPO syndrome
• Gardner's syndrome
• Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome
• Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome
• Good's syndrome
• Gorlin's syndrome
• Gouverneur's syndrome
• green nail syndrome
• Greither syndrome
• Griscelli syndrome
• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Halal syndrome
• Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome
• hand-arm vibration syndrome
• hand-foot-genital syndrome
• Handigodu syndrome
• Harry Benjamin syndrome
• Havana syndrome
• Heerfordt-Mylius syndrome
• Heerfordt-Waldenström syndrome
• Helsinki syndrome
• hemisyndrome
• Hennekam syndrome
• Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
• Horton's syndrome
• Hunter-Russell syndrome
• Hunter syndrome
• Huntington's disease-like syndrome
• Huriez syndrome
• Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
• Hutchinson–Gilford syndrome
• imaginary lat syndrome
• impostor syndrome
• institutional syndrome
• Irlen syndrome
• irritable bowel syndrome
• irritable male syndrome
• island syndrome
• jabs and jolts syndrome
• Jackson-Weiss syndrome
• Jacod syndrome
• Janz syndrome
• Jeavons syndrome
• Jerusalem syndrome
• Juberg-Hellman syndrome
• kabuki makeup syndrome
• kabuki syndrome
• Kallmann syndrome
• Kanner's syndrome
• Kanner syndrome
• Kartagener's syndrome
• Kartagener syndrome
• Kearns-Sayre syndrome
• Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome
• Kindler syndrome
• Kleine-Levin syndrome
• Klein-Waardenburg syndrome
• Klinefelter's syndrome
• Klingsor syndrome
• Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
• Korsakoff's syndrome
• Landau-Kleffner syndrome
• leaky brain syndrome
• leaning toothpick syndrome
• Legg-Calvé-Perthes syndrome
• lethal congenital contracture syndrome
• Lima syndrome
• limber tail syndrome
• limb-mammary syndrome
• Lobstein syndrome
• locomotive syndrome
• Löffler's syndrome
• long QT syndrome
• lucky girl syndrome
• lung-digit syndrome
• lymph node syndrome
• M74 syndrome
• MAGIC syndrome
• main-character syndrome
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome
• MDP syndrome
• mean world syndrome
• meeting recovery syndrome
• megasyndrome
• memory distrust syndrome
• Mendelson's syndrome
• MERRF syndrome
• metabolic syndrome
• middle-child syndrome
• middle child syndrome
• Milwaukee shoulder syndrome
• missing white girl syndrome
• missing white woman syndrome
• Mount Everest syndrome
• Mt. Everest syndrome
• mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
• Muenke syndrome
• multiple evanescent white dot syndrome
• Münchausen syndrome
• Mungan syndrome
• musical ear syndrome
• myorenal syndrome
• Nakajo syndrome
• needle-in-the-eye syndrome
• neural crest syndrome
• Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome
• Ochoa syndrome
• one and a half syndrome
• oral allergy syndrome
• organic dust toxic syndrome
• Oslo syndrome
• pace-of-life syndrome
• Pallister-Killian syndrome
• Pallister mosaic aneuploidy syndrome
• Panayiotopoulos syndrome
• paper qualification syndrome
• parental alienation syndrome
• Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome
• Paris syndrome
• Parkinson-plus syndrome
• Parkinson's syndrome
• Pascual-Castroviejo syndrome type 1
• Patau syndrome
• Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome
• peeling skin syndrome
• PEHO syndrome
• pervasive arousal withdrawal syndrome
• Peter Pan syndrome
• pigment dispersion syndrome
• pink cloud syndrome
• Pinkerton syndrome
• Pitt-Hopkins syndrome
• polycystic ovary syndrome
• porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
• porcine stress syndrome
• pork-cat syndrome
• post-concussive syndrome
• postconcussive syndrome
• post-COVID-19 syndrome
• post-COVID syndrome
• post-finasteride syndrome
• post-micturition convulsion syndrome
• postpericardiotomy syndrome
• post-phlebitic syndrome
• postphlebitic syndrome
• post-SSRI syndrome
• postthrombophlebitic syndrome
• postthrombotic syndrome
• post-traumatic stress syndrome
• post-viral fatigue syndrome
• preacher's kid syndrome
• premenstrual syndrome
• Proteus syndrome
• psychosyndrome
• Puerto Rican infant hypotonia syndrome
• Qazi-Markouizos syndrome
• quadrilateral space syndrome
• queen bee syndrome
• Queequeg syndrome
• rage syndrome
• red man syndrome
• red neck syndrome
• Renfield syndrome
• resignation syndrome
• restless legs syndrome
• retired husband syndrome
• Rett syndrome
• revolving door syndrome
• Reye's syndrome
• RIDDLE syndrome
• Rombo syndrome
• Rubinstein syndrome
• Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
• salt water aspiration syndrome
• Satoyoshi syndrome
• savant syndrome
• scalp-ear-nipple syndrome
• Schimmelpenning syndrome
• scimitar syndrome
• seat belt syndrome
• second-impact syndrome
• serotonin syndrome
• severe acute respiratory syndrome
• Shah-Waardenburg syndrome
• shell nail syndrome
• shifting baseline syndrome
• short bowel syndrome
• shoulder impingement syndrome
• Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome
• sick building syndrome
• sick office syndrome
• silent forest syndrome
• skeeter syndrome
• skin fragility syndrome
• Skoptic syndrome
• small man syndrome
• smoking stool syndrome
• snapping hip syndrome
• snapping scapula syndrome
• space adaptation syndrome
• spider lamb syndrome
• spider syndrome
• Stauffer syndrome
• sticky platelet syndrome
• sticky skin syndrome
• stiff man syndrome
• stiff-person syndrome
• stiff skin syndrome
• Stockholm syndrome
• student syndrome
• subsyndrome
• sudden infant death syndrome
• sudden sniffing death syndrome
• sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome
• sundowner syndrome
• superior mesenteric artery syndrome
• supine hypotensive syndrome
• talk and die syndrome
• tall poppy syndrome
• thoracic insufficiency syndrome
• Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
• Tourette syndrome
• toxic shock syndrome
• toxidrome
• tree man syndrome
• trismus pseudocamptodactyly syndrome
• true believer syndrome
• Truman syndrome
• tube feeding syndrome
• Turner's syndrome
• twiddler's syndrome
• Unna-Thost syndrome
• upper airway cough syndrome
• Upshaw-Schulman syndrome
• vanishing bile duct syndrome
• Vietnam syndrome
• vitreous touch syndrome
• Waardenburg-Klein syndrome
• Waardenburg-Shah syndrome
• Watson syndrome
• Werner's syndrome
• Westerhof syndrome
• WHIM syndrome
• white coat syndrome
• white spot syndrome
• Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome
• wild man syndrome
• Williams syndrome
• withering abalone syndrome
• Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome
• Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome
• wrinkly skin syndrome
• Xia-Gibbs syndrome
• Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome
• Zechi-Ceide syndrome
• Zieve's syndrome
• Zimmermann-Laband syndrome
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• Zori-Stalker-Williams syndrome

派生詞彙

• syndromal
• syndromed
• syndrome X
• syndromic
• syndromics

參考資料

• syndrome在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 ^en
• OneLook 在线词典 上有关 syndrome 的释义
• “syndrome”，The Century Dictionary […]，New York, N.Y.：The Century Co.，1911，OCLC 867766587

法語

詞源

古典借詞，源自新拉丁語 syndrome，源自古希臘語 συνδρομή (sundromḗ)。

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /sɛ̃.dʁom/, (部分權威來源認可) /sɛ̃.dʁɔm/

• 音頻 (巴黎)：

  (檔案)

名詞

syndrome m (複數 syndromes)

1. 綜合徵，症候群

派生詞彙

• syndrome de Gilles de La Tourette
• syndrome de Jérusalem
• syndrome de la page blanche
• syndrome de Paris
• syndrome de Stein-Leventhal
• syndrome de Stevens-Johnson
• syndrome du cœur brisé
• syndrome du cri du chat
• syndrome d’Asperger
• syndrome d’immunodéficience acquise
• syndrome prémenstruel

延伸閱讀

• 查看“syndrome”在 le Trésor de la langue française informatisé [法语数字化宝典] 中的释义。

因特語

名詞

syndrome (複數 syndromes)

1. 綜合徵，症候群