campaign
英语
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]源自法語 campagne，源自意大利語 campagna (“田野，田地；戰役；運動”)，源自晚期拉丁語 campānia (“野地，開闊地帶；戰場”)，源自拉丁語 campus (“田野，田地”)。英語 campania、英語 campagna和英語 champagne 的同源對似詞。
發音
[编辑]名詞
[编辑]campaign (複數 campaigns)
- 活動、運動
- an election campaign ― 競選活動
- The company is targeting children in its latest advertising campaign.
- 该公司最新的广告宣传活动瞄准了儿童群体。
- He was given three days to campaign for the post of president in his school.
- 他有三天时间竞选学校学生会主席一职。
- 1965，w:Harry S. Truman，w:en:Merle Miller，MP2002-300 Former President Truman Discusses 1948 Campaign and Other Presidents in History[1]，w:哈里·S·杜鲁门总统图书馆暨博物馆，National Archives Identifier: 595162：
- MILLER: Mr. President, I wonder if you could tell us about some of the audiences you talked to in the 1948 campaign? For instance, I think we'd all be curious about what was the smallest audience you had in the 1948 campaign?
TRUMAN: Well, I'll- it'll sound as if I'm bragging about the 1948 campaign, but I never had an audience under five or ten thousand people in the whole series of trips which we took- about 31,700 miles on the train.- 米勒：总统先生，我想请您谈谈您在1948年竞选期间的一些演讲场合？例如，我想，大家都很想知道您在1948年竞选期间遇到的最少的听众人数是多少？
杜鲁门：嗯，我这么说可能听起来像是在吹嘘1948年的竞选，但在我们那一系列的巡回演讲中——我们乘火车行驶了大约31700英里——我遇到的听众人数从未少于五千到一万人。
- 米勒：总统先生，我想请您谈谈您在1948年竞选期间的一些演讲场合？例如，我想，大家都很想知道您在1948年竞选期间遇到的最少的听众人数是多少？
- 2019年5月13日，David Robson，“The '3.5% rule': How a small minority can change the world [‘3.5% 法则’：少数人如何改变世界]”，w:BBC[2]：
- Looking at hundreds of campaigns over the last century, Chenoweth found that nonviolent campaigns are twice as likely to achieve their goals as violent campaigns. […] A campaign was considered violent, meanwhile, if it involved bombings, kidnappings, the destruction of infrastructure – or any other physical harm to people or property.
- 切诺维斯研究了上个世纪数百场运动，发现非暴力运动实现目标的可能性是暴力运动的两倍。 […] 同时，如果一场运动涉及爆炸、绑架、破坏基础设施——或任何其他对人身或财产造成实际伤害的行为，则被认为是暴力运动。
- (軍事) 戰役
- a military campaign ― 軍事行動
- (運動) 运动员或队伍一赛季的努力、成果
- His campaign for Hampshire was very good.
- 他在汉普郡队的这个赛季做得非常成功。
- 2012年4月9日，Mandeep Sanghera，“Tottenham 1 - 2 Norwich [托特纳姆热刺 1 - 2 诺里奇城]”，w:BBC Sport[3]：
- The Canaries went ahead when the home defence failed to clear their lines and Pilkington was on hand to slide in his eighth goal of the campaign.
- (角色扮演遊戲) 一系列使用相同玩家角色进行的游戏，形成一个连续的故事
- 高炉连续运转的时期
- (棄用) 阔野；没有大型山丘阻挡的大片开阔平原
- 近義詞：champaign
- (棄用) 乡村旅行
衍生詞
[编辑]- advertising campaign
- anticampaign
- campaign button
- campaign group
- campaign hat
- campaignist
- campaignlike
- campaign plan
- campaignspeak
- campaign trail
- campaign wig
- countercampaign
- cybercampaign
- e-campaign
- election campaign
- fear campaign
- front porch campaign
- midcampaign
- military campaign
- multicampaign
- noncampaign
- plan of campaign
- political campaign
- postcampaign
- pre-campaign
- precampaign
- rumor campaign
- rumour campaign
- scare campaign
- smear campaign
- whisper campaign
- whispering campaign
派生語彙
[编辑]- → 希伯來語：קמפיין (kampéin)
動詞
[编辑]campaign (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 campaigns，現在分詞 campaigning，簡單過去時和過去分詞 campaigned)
- (不及物，後加 for、agaist 等介詞) 發起、参加活動
- 2012年4月19日，Josh Halliday，“Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”，the Guardian[4]：
- But the purported rise in violent videos online has led some MPs to campaign for courts to have more power to remove or block material on YouTube. The Labour MP Heidi Alexander said she was appalled after a constituent was robbed at knifepoint, and the attackers could be found brandishing weapons and rapping about gang violence online.
- 但据称网络暴力视频的增加，促使一些议员发起运动，呼吁赋予法院更大的权力，以删除或屏蔽YouTube上的相关内容。工党议员海蒂·亚历山大表示，她的一位选民遭到持刀抢劫，而袭击者竟然能在网上挥舞武器、大谈帮派暴力，这令她感到震惊。
- 作戰
- (及物) 在整个赛季中持续参加比赛
- 1983May，“Jack King: Merrythought”，Yachting，第 153 卷，第 5 號，第 110 頁：
- After modifying her for ocean racing, he campaigned her for three years, and in 1975, donated her to the U.S. Naval Academy.
- 他对这艘船进行改装以参加远洋比赛，并驾驶她参加了三年的比赛，后于1975年将她捐赠给了美国海军学院。
- 1983，Alexander Mackay-Smith，The colonial quarter race horse，第 14 頁：
- The "more curious" were the affluent planters who bred and campaigned race horses in quarter races, the only form of racing practiced in the Virginia colony during the first 125 years of its existence.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2002，John Albert Craft，Mustang Race Cars，→ISBN，第 124 頁：
- Holman & Moody built more Mustangs than just the Mickey Thompson cars. One in that number was this red 302-powered 1969 Sportsroof. It was campaigned by David Pearson and Bobby Allison during the 1969 through 1972 seasons.
- 霍尔曼和穆迪公司制造的野马赛车数量远超米奇·汤普森。其中就包括这辆红色的1969款302发动机运动型敞篷野马。在1969年至1972年期间，大卫·皮尔森和鲍比·艾利森驾驶这辆车参加了比赛。
- 2014，Doug Boyce，章號 1，Drag Racing's Quarter-Mile Warriors: Then & Now，第 31 頁：
- Ron campaigned the car for a couple seasons before selling it to Mark Danekas (Danekas blowers), who ran the car himself briefly before putting it on the market once again.
- 罗恩驾驶这辆车参加了几个赛季的比赛，然后把它卖给了马克·丹尼卡斯（丹尼卡斯增压器公司），丹尼卡斯自己短暂地驾驶过这辆车，然后再次把它投放市场。