模板:My-IPA/doc

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此頁面可能包含了模板的使用說明、分類和其他內容。

Burmese pronunciation and romanisation template, relying on Module:my-pron. This generates the IPA pronunciation and romanisation of Burmese in four systems. See Wiktionary:Burmese transliteration for an introduction to Burmese spelling and romanisations.

Parameters[編輯]

{{my-IPA|respelling 1|respelling 2|...}}

Optional: For phonologically irregular words, parameters 1 – ∞ can be used to specify 「phonetic respellings」 from which IPA and romanisations can be accurately inferred. These respellings can be minor (using tricks to supplement the orthography, see below) or major (using complete phonetic respellings, also see below).
- Minor respellings are preferred over major respellings, when they are feasible.
- Of the four romanisation schemes, two are based on orthography (MLCTS and ALA-LC), and two are based on pronunciation (BGN-PCGN and Okell). Thus, the phonetic respellings will only affect the romanisations generated for the pronunciation-based romanisation schemes, not the orthography-based ones. i.e. if there are two specified respellings for word A, there will be one romanisation in each of the orthography-based schemes, and two romanisations in each of the pronunciation-based schemes.
An additional |word= parameter is used to indicate the spelling, from which the orthography-based romanisations (MLCTS and ALA-LC) can be inferred. It should be cautiously used in the main namespace; it may be useful in cases where spaces in the romanisation are desired, or where the spelling does not conform to usual Burmese orthography rules.

Minor respelling tricks[編輯]

': the previous syllable is a minor syllable.
+: there is voicing of the following syllable.
-: the following ဘ (bha.) is pronounced /pʰ/.
*: the following consonant is pronounced as it is spelled, i.e. /ɹ/ for ရ, /lj/ for လျ and /l̥j/ for လျှ, instead of /j/, /j/ and /ʃ/, respectively.

If a word requires major respelling[編輯]

The respelling can be in either the Burmese or the Latin (ASCII) script. The tables below demonstrate the possible initials and finals of a Burmese syllable, and the correspondences between the two respelling systems and the IPA pronunciation. This Burmese picker tool can be helpful for generating a Burmese-script respelling.

Initials[編輯]

Plain
	Bilabial	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	/m̥/ မှ hm /m/ မ m	/n̥/ နှ hn /n/ န n		/ɲ̊/ ညှ hny /ɲ/ ည ny	/ŋ̊/ ငှ hng /ŋ/ င ng
Stop/Affricate	/p/ ပ p /pʰ/ ဖ hp /b/ ဗ b	/t/ တ t /tʰ/ ထ ht /d/ ဒ d		/t͡ɕ/ ကျ c /t͡ɕʰ/ ချ hc /d͡ʑ/ ဂျ j	/k/ က k /kʰ/ ခ hk /ɡ/ ဂ g	/ʔ/ အ
Fricative		/θ/ သ th /ð/ +သ +th	/s/ စ s /sʰ/ ဆ hs /z/ ဇ z	/ʃ/ ရှ hy		/h/ ဟ h
Approximant/Lateral		(/ɹ/ *ရ r)		/j/ ယ y	(/w̥/ ဝှ hw) /w/ ဝ w
Approximant/Lateral		/l̥/ လှ hl /l/ လ l

With medial glide
	Bilabial	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	/m̥w/ မွှ hmw /mw/ မွ mw /m̥j/ မျှ hmy /mj/ မျ my	/n̥w/ နွှ hnw /nw/ နွ nw		/ɲ̊w/ ညွှ hnyw /ɲw/ ညွ nyw	/ŋ̊w/ ငွှ hngw /ŋw/ ငွ ngw
Stop/Affricate	/pw/ ပွ pw /pʰw/ ဖွ hpw /bw/ ဗွ bw /pj/ ပျ py /pʰj/ ဖျ hpy /bj/ ဗျ by	/tw/ တွ tw /tʰw/ ထွ htw /dw/ ဒွ dw		/t͡ɕw/ ကျွ cw /t͡ɕʰw/ ချွ hcw /d͡ʑw/ ဂျွ jw	/kw/ ကွ kw /kʰw/ ခွ hkw /ɡw/ ဂွ gw
Fricative		/θw/ သွ thw	/sw/ စွ sw /sʰw/ ဆွ hsw /zw/ ဇွ zw	/ʃw/ ရွှ hyw		/hw/ ဟွ hw
Approximant/Lateral				/jw/ ယွ yw
Approximant/Lateral		/l̥w/ လွှ hlw /lw/ လွ lw /l̥j/ လျှ hly* /lj/ *လျ ly

Finals with tones[編輯]

Using အ as base letter.

Vowel	Non-nasalised				Nasalised
Vowel	Low tone	High tone	Creaky tone	Checked tone	Low tone	High tone	Creaky tone
/i/	/ì/ အီ i	/í/ အီး i\	/ḭ/ အိ i/	/ɪʔ/ အစ် i?	/ɪ̀ɴ/ အင် i~	/ɪ́ɴ/ အင်း i\~	/ɪ̰ɴ/ အင့် i/~
/e/	/è/ အေ ei	/é/ အေး ei\	/ḛ/ အေ့ ei/	/eɪʔ/ အိတ် ei?	/èɪɴ/ အိန် ei~	/éɪɴ/ အိန်း ei\~	/ḛɪɴ/ အိန့် ei/~
/ɛ/	/ɛ̀/ အယ် e	/ɛ́/ အဲ e\	/ɛ̰/ အယ့် e/	/ɛʔ/ အက် e?	/àɪɴ/ အိုင် ai~	/áɪɴ/ အိုင်း ai\~	/a̰ɪɴ/ အိုင့် ai/~
				/aɪʔ/ အိုက် ai?
/a/	/à/ အာ a	/á/ အား a\	/a̰/ အ a/	/aʔ/ အတ် a?	/àɴ/ အန် a~	/áɴ/ အန်း a\~	/a̰ɴ/ အန့် a/~
/ɔ/	/ɔ̀/ အော် o	/ɔ́/ အော o\	/ɔ̰/ အော့ o/	/aʊʔ/ အောက် au?	/àʊɴ/ အောင် au~	/áʊɴ/ အောင်း au\~	/a̰ʊɴ/ အောင့် au/~
/o/	/ò/ အို ou	/ó/ အိုး ou\	/o̰/ အို့ ou/	/oʊʔ/ အုပ် ou?	/òʊɴ/ အုန် ou~	/óʊɴ/ အုန်း ou\~	/o̰ʊɴ/ အုန့် ou/~
/u/	/ù/ အူ u	/ú/ အူး u\	/ṵ/ အု u/	/ʊʔ/ အွတ် u?	/ʊ̀ɴ/ အွန် u~	/ʊ́ɴ/ အွန်း u\~	/ʊ̰ɴ/ အွန့် u/~
/ə/	/ə/ အ' a'				—

The combinations listed in Wiktionary:Burmese transliteration#ကွတ်, ဝတ်, etc. (i.e. ွ or ဝ followed by တ်, န်, ပ်, မ် or ံ) will be interpreted intelligently by the module. If the unchanged pronunciation is desired, a slash / can be placed between the initial and final (e.g. ကွ/တ်).

Examples[編輯]

ခလုတ် (hka.lut)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ခ'လုတ်}}

按發音的寫法：ခ'လုတ်
IPA^(幫助)：/kʰəloʊʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hka.lut • ALA-LC: khalutʻ • BGN/PCGN: hkălok • Okell: hkălouʔ

စာရေး (care:)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|စာ'ရေး}}

按發音的寫法：စာ'ရေး
IPA^(幫助)：/səjé/
羅馬化：MLCTS: care: • ALA-LC: cāreʺ • BGN/PCGN: săye: • Okell: săyeì

ငါးဥ (nga:u.)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ငါး'ဥ}}

按發音的寫法：ငါး'ဥ
IPA^(幫助)：/ŋəʔṵ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: nga:u. • ALA-LC: ṅāʺu • BGN/PCGN: ngău. • Okell: ngăú

သူငယ် (su-ngai)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|သူ'ငယ်}}

按發音的寫法：သူ'ငယ်
IPA^(幫助)：/θəŋɛ̀/
羅馬化：MLCTS: su-ngai • ALA-LC: sūṅayʻ • BGN/PCGN: thăngè • Okell: thănge

အက်ယန် (ak-yan)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/ʔɛʔjàɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ak-yan • ALA-LC: ʼakʻyanʻ • BGN/PCGN: etyan • Okell: eʔyañ

အာကျန် (a-kyan)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/ʔàt͡ɕàɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: a-kyan • ALA-LC: ʼākyanʻ • BGN/PCGN: a-kyan • Okell: acañ

ကတ်ဝက် (kat-wak)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/kaʔwɛʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: kat-wak • ALA-LC: katʻvakʻ • BGN/PCGN: kat-wet • Okell: kaʔweʔ

ကာတွက် (ka-twak)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/kàtwɛʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ka-twak • ALA-LC: kātvakʻ • BGN/PCGN: ka-twet • Okell: katweʔ

တန်ဂါ (tan-ga)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/tàɴɡà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: tan-ga • ALA-LC: tanʻgā • BGN/PCGN: tan-ga • Okell: tañga

တာငါ (ta-nga)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/tàŋà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ta-nga • ALA-LC: tāṅā • BGN/PCGN: ta-nga • Okell: tanga

ဆီပုံး (hcipum:)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ဆီ+ပုံး}}

按發音的寫法：ဆီဗုံး
IPA^(幫助)：/sʰìbóʊɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hcipum: • ALA-LC: chīpuṃʺ • BGN/PCGN: hsibon: • Okell: hsipoùñ

အုန်းဆီ (un:hci)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|အုန်း+ဆီ}}

按發音的寫法：အုန်းဇီ
IPA^(幫助)：/ʔóʊɴzì/
羅馬化：MLCTS: un:hci • ALA-LC: ʼunʻʺchī • BGN/PCGN: on:zi • Okell: oùñhsi

အညာသား (a.nyasa:)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|အ'ညာ+သား}}

按發音的寫法：အ'ညာ+သား
IPA^(幫助)：/ʔəɲàðá/
羅馬化：MLCTS: a.nyasa: • ALA-LC: ʼaññāsāʺ • BGN/PCGN: ănyadha: • Okell: ănyathà

နက်ဖြန် (nakhpran)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/nɛʔpʰjàɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: nakhpran • ALA-LC: nakʻphranʻ • BGN/PCGN: nethpyan • Okell: neʔhpyañ

ဖြည်းဖြည်း (hprany:hprany:)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ဖြည်2း+ဖြည်2း}}

按發音的寫法：ဖြည်2းဗြည်2း
IPA^(幫助)：/pʰjébjé/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hprany:hprany: • ALA-LC: phraññʻʺphraññʻʺ • BGN/PCGN: hpye:bye: • Okell: hpyeìhpyeì

အမြီး (a.mri:)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|အ'မီး}}

按發音的寫法：အ'မီး
IPA^(幫助)：/ʔəmí/
羅馬化：MLCTS: a.mri: • ALA-LC: ʼamrīʺ • BGN/PCGN: ămi: • Okell: ămì

ခြေထောက် (hkrehtauk)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ခြေ+ထောက်}}

按發音的寫法：ခြေဒေါက်
IPA^(幫助)：/t͡ɕʰèdaʊʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hkrehtauk • ALA-LC: khrethokʻ • BGN/PCGN: chedauk • Okell: hceihtauʔ

အခွံ (a.hkwam)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|အ'ခွံ}}

按發音的寫法：အ'ခွံ
IPA^(幫助)：/ʔəkʰʊ̀ɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: a.hkwam • ALA-LC: ʼakhvaṃ • BGN/PCGN: ăhkun • Okell: ăhkuñ

လျှို့ဝှက် (hlyui.hwak)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/ʃo̰ʍɛʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hlyui.hwak • ALA-LC: lyhuiʹvhakʻ • BGN/PCGN: sho.hwet • Okell: hyoúhweʔ

မျက်စိ (myakci.)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/mjɛʔsḭ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: myakci. • ALA-LC: myakʻci • BGN/PCGN: myetsi. • Okell: myeʔsí

ကစား (ka.ca:)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|+က'+စား}}

按發音的寫法：ဂ'ဇား
IPA^(幫助)：/ɡəzá/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ka.ca: • ALA-LC: kacāʺ • BGN/PCGN: găza: • Okell: kăsà

ကပျာကယာ (ka.pyaka.ya)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|+က'+ပျာ+က'ယာ}}

按發音的寫法：ဂ'ဗျာဂ'ယာ
IPA^(幫助)：/ɡəbjàɡəjà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ka.pyaka.ya • ALA-LC: kapyākayā • BGN/PCGN: găbyagăya • Okell: kăpyakăya

ဆန်ပြုတ် (hcanprut)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ဆန်+ပြုတ်}}

按發音的寫法：ဆန်ဗြုတ်
IPA^(幫助)：/sʰàɴbjoʊʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hcanprut • ALA-LC: chanʻprutʻ • BGN/PCGN: hsanbyok • Okell: hsañpyouʔ

စာကြည့်တိုက် (ca-krany.tuik)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|စာကြည့်+တိုက်}}

按發音的寫法：စာကြည့်ဒိုက်
IPA^(幫助)：/sàt͡ɕḭdaɪʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ca-krany.tuik • ALA-LC: cākraññʻʹtuikʻ • BGN/PCGN: sa-kyi.daik • Okell: sacítaiʔ

ဒူးထောက် (du:htauk)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/dútʰaʊʔ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: du:htauk • ALA-LC: dūʺthokʻ • BGN/PCGN: du:htauk • Okell: dùhtauʔ

မင်္ဂလာပါ (mangga.lapa)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|မင်္ဂ'လာ+ပါ}}

按發音的寫法：မင်ဂ'လာဗာ
IPA^(幫助)：/mɪ̀ɴɡəlàbà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: mangga.lapa • ALA-LC: maṅʻgalāpā • BGN/PCGN: min-gălaba • Okell: miñgălapa

ဘခင် (bha.hkang)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|-ဘ+ခင်}}

按發音的寫法：ဖဂင်
IPA^(幫助)：/pʰa̰ɡɪ̀ɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: bha.hkang • ALA-LC: bhakhaṅʻ • BGN/PCGN: hpa.gin • Okell: hpáhkiñ

ပရိဘောဂ (pa.ri.bhau:ga.)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ပ'*ရိဘောဂ}}

按發音的寫法：ပ'*ရိဘောဂ
IPA^(幫助)：/pəɹḭbɔ́ɡa̰/
羅馬化：MLCTS: pa.ri.bhau:ga. • ALA-LC: paribhoga • BGN/PCGN: pări.baw:ga. • Okell: păríbògá

လျှင် (hlyang)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|*လျှင်}}

按發音的寫法：*လျှင်
IPA^(幫助)：/l̥jɪ̀ɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: hlyang • ALA-LC: lyhaṅʻ • BGN/PCGN: hlyin • Okell: hlyiñ

ကွန်ပျူတာ (kwanpyuta)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/kʊ̀ɴpjùtà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: kwanpyuta • ALA-LC: kvanʻpyūtā • BGN/PCGN: kunpyuta • Okell: kuñpyuta

ဝက်ဝံ (wak-wam)[編輯]

{{my-IPA}}

IPA^(幫助)：/wɛʔwʊ̀ɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: wak-wam • ALA-LC: vakʻvaṃ • BGN/PCGN: wet-wun • Okell: weʔwuñ

ပရိဘောဂ (pa.ri.bhau:ga.)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|pa'ri/bo\ga/}}

按發音的寫法：ပ'*ရိဗောဂ
IPA^(幫助)：/pəɹḭbɔ́ɡa̰/
羅馬化：MLCTS: pa.ri.bhau:ga. • ALA-LC: paribhoga • BGN/PCGN: pări.baw:ga. • Okell: păríbògá

မင်္ဂလာပါ (mangga.lapa)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|mi~ga'la+pa}}

按發音的寫法：မင်ဂ'လာဗာ
IPA^(幫助)：/mɪ̀ɴɡəlàbà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: mangga.lapa • ALA-LC: maṅʻgalāpā • BGN/PCGN: min-gălaba • Okell: miñgălapa

ကပျာကယာ (ka.pyaka.ya)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|+ka'+pya+ka'ya}}

按發音的寫法：ဂ'ဗျာဂ'ယာ
IPA^(幫助)：/ɡəbjàɡəjà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: ka.pyaka.ya • ALA-LC: kapyākayā • BGN/PCGN: găbyagăya • Okell: kăpyakăya

နက်ဖြန် (nakhpran)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ne?hpya~}}

按發音的寫法：နက်ဖျန်
IPA^(幫助)：/nɛʔpʰjàɴ/
羅馬化：MLCTS: nakhpran • ALA-LC: nakʻphranʻ • BGN/PCGN: nethpyan • Okell: neʔhpyañ

မြန်မာ (mranma)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|မြန်မာ|မြန်'မာ}}

按發音的寫法：မြန်မာ, မြန်'မာ
IPA^(幫助)：/mjàɴmà/, /mjəmà/
羅馬化：MLCTS: mranma • ALA-LC: mranʻmā • BGN/PCGN: myanma/myăma • Okell: myañma/myăma

ကြိုဆိုပါ၏ (kruihcuipae)[編輯]

{{my-IPA|ကြို+ဆို +ပါ ၏}}

按發音的寫法：ကြိုဇိုဗာ၏
IPA^(幫助)：/t͡ɕòzò bà ʔɛ̰/
羅馬化：MLCTS: kruihcui pa e • ALA-LC: kruichui pā e* • BGN/PCGN: kyozo ba è. • Okell: couhsou pa é