coward
参见：Coward
英语[编辑]
词源[编辑]
源自中古英语 coward，源自古法语 coart、cuard（→法语 couard），源自coue、coe (“尾巴”) + -ard (贬义施动者名词后缀)。其中，coue、coe，源自拉丁语 cauda。可能指的是动物“转尾巴的方向或夹着尾巴（逃跑）”，尤其是狗。与英语 cower无关。取代了本土词古英语 earg。
发音[编辑]
- (英国) 英语发音：kou'əd、国际音标(帮助)：/ˈkaʊəd/
（英国）音频 （文档）
- (美国) 英语发音：kou'ərd、国际音标(帮助)：/ˈkaʊɚd/
（美国）音频 （文档）
- 断字：co‧ward
- 同音词：cowered
名词[编辑]
coward (复数 cowards)
- 懦夫，胆小鬼
- c. 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Ivlivs Cæsar”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版于 1623, →OCLC, Act II, scene ii，页号 117, column 1:
- Cowards dye many times before their deaths, / The valiant neuer taſte of death but once: […]
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
- He tortured himself to find out how he could make his declaration to her, and always halting between the fear of displeasing her and the shame of being such a coward, he wept with discouragement and desire. Then he took energetic resolutions, wrote letters that he tore up, put it off to times that he again deferred.
近义词[编辑]
衍生词汇[编辑]
形容词[编辑]
coward (比较级 more coward，最高级 most coward)
- 胆小的，怯懦的
- 近义词： cowardly
- Template:RQ:Montaigne Florio Essayes
- 大约1605 William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act II, Scene 4,[1]
- He rais’d the house with loud and coward cries.
- 1709, Matthew Prior, “Celia to Damon” in Poems on Several Occasions, London: Jacob Tonson, 2nd edition, p. 89,[2]
- Invading Fears repel my Coward Joy;
- And Ills foreseen the pleasant Bliss destroy.
- (纹章学，指狮子图案) 在腿间有两条尾巴的
动词[编辑]
coward (第三人称单数简单现在时 cowards，现在分词 cowarding，一般过去时及过去分词 cowarded)
- (及物，弃用) 恫吓
- 1820, John Chalkhill, Thealma and Clearchus:
- The first he coped with was their captain, whom / His sword sent headless to seek out a tomb. / This cowarded the valour of the rest, […]
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
参考资料[编辑]
中古英语[编辑]
词源 1[编辑]
借自古法语 coart，等价于古法语 coe (“尾巴”) + -ard。对比taylarde。
其他形式[编辑]
发音[编辑]
名词[编辑]
coward
相关词汇[编辑]
派生语汇[编辑]
参考资料[编辑]
- “cǒuard, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
形容词[编辑]
coward
派生语汇[编辑]
- 英语: coward
参考资料[编辑]
- “cǒuard, adj.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
词源 2[编辑]
名词[编辑]
coward
- couherde的另一种写法