ism
英語[編輯]
詞源[編輯]
源自後綴-ism (「信仰」)，特別用於「社會運動」的含意上（19世紀）。對照phobia源自-phobia，sophy源自-sophy，itis源自-itis，以及ana源自-ana。
發音[編輯]
名詞[編輯]
ism (複數 isms)
- 主義、論說
- 近義詞： whateverism
- 1843, Thomas Carlyle, 章號 XV, 出自 Past and Present[1], book 2:
- […] his religion, his worship was like his daily bread to him; — which he did not take the trouble to talk much about; which he merely ate at stated intervals, and lived and did his work upon! This is Abbot Samson’s Catholicism of the Twelfth Century; — something like the Ism of all true men in all true centuries, I fancy! Alas, compared with any of the Isms current in these poor days, what a thing!
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1965, Bertram David Wolfe, Marxism, One Hundred Years in the Life of a Doctrine，頁號 357:
- An ism does not have to possess the fearful implements of state power to cut off a a deviant or heretical member.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1969, Walter E. Minchinton, Mercantilism; System Or Expediency?，頁號 xi:
- In his exposition, he has failed to achieve the identification of situation, theory, and policy necessary to create an ism.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1986, John Hughes, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, 角色 Ferris Bueller（Matthew Broderick）:
- Isms in my opinion are not good. A person should not believe in an ism – he should believe in himself.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1994, Kenneth Kaye, Workplace Wars and How to End Them，頁號 70:
- It is important to distinguish between an ism and a mere generalization about group differences. Generalizations that have statistical validity are not isms. An ism assumes that the generalization applies to an individual.
- （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- (特指) 歧視的一種形式，例如種族主義或性別歧視等
參見[編輯]
延伸閱讀[編輯]
- "isms" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 173.
異序詞[編輯]
阿比諾姆語[編輯]
名詞[編輯]
ism
塞普勒斯阿拉伯語[編輯]
詞源[編輯]
繼承自阿拉伯語 اِسْم (ism)，繼承自原始閃米特語 *šim-。
名詞[編輯]
ism
烏茲別克語[編輯]
詞源[編輯]
借自波斯語 اسم (esm)，派生自阿拉伯語 اِسْم (ism).
名詞[編輯]
ism (複數 ismlar)