phlegm

维基词典，自由的多语言词典

英语[编辑]

英语维基百科有一篇文章关于：
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词源[编辑]

来自中古英语 flewme、fleume、fleme，来自古法语 fleume、中古法语 flemme（法语 flegme），其来源是拉丁语 phlegma，来自古希腊语 φλέγμα (phlégma, “火焰；燃烧；体内湿滑的体液”)，来自φλέγειν (phlégein, “燃烧”)。对照phlox、flagrant、flame、bleak (形容词)、fulminate。拼法后来受拉丁语和希腊语的词根而进行过调整。

发音[编辑]

名词[编辑]

phlegm (通常不可数，复数 phlegms)

  1. (历史) 黏液 （自13世纪）
    • 1993, William Dalrymple, City of Djinns, HarperCollins 1993:
      Each person's unique mixture of these substances determines his temperament: a predominance of blood gives a sanguine temperament; a predominance of phlegm makes one phlegmatic; yellow bile, bilious (or choleric); and black bile, melancholic.
  2. 痰 （自14世纪）
    • 2005, "Endangered Species?" Hannah Beech, Time, 14 Nov 2005:
      "Even some members of the new bourgeoisie indulge in conspicuously boorish behavior, like hawking phlegm onto the pavement or picking their noses at business meetings."
  4. (历史，化学，炼金术) 从植物体中获得的蒸馏物；水溶液 （自16世纪）
    • 1812, Humphry Davy, The Elements of Chemical Philosophy, Introduction, Part I. Vol. I, pp. 50-51:
      The attempts made to analyse vegetable substances previous to 1720, merely produced their resolution into the supposed elements of the chemists of those days, namely, salts, Earths, phlegm, and sulphur.
  5. 镇定，冷静 （自16世纪）
    • 1942, "Warning to Sweden", Time, 5 Oct 1942:
      But Swedish Nazis also talked of the necessity of saving Sweden from Bolshevism, and with the menacing Berlin radio gnawing in their ears many Swedes lost their Scandinavian phlegm.

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衍生词[编辑]

来源[编辑]

取自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=phlegm&oldid=7387921”