meretrix

英語

詞源

借自拉丁語 meretrīx。

名詞

meretrix (複數 meretrices)

1. 古羅馬的妓女
   • a. 100 公元, Petronius, 譯者 W. C. Firebaugh, Satyricon‎^[1], 出版於 1922:

     Nomus Marcellus has pointed out the difference between this class of prostitutes and the prostibula. "This is the difference between a meretrix (harlot) and a prostibula (common strumpet): a meretrix is of a more honorable station and calling; for meretrices are so named a merendo (from earning wages) because they plied their calling only by night; prostibulu because they stand before the stabulum (stall) for gain both by day and night."

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • Template:RQ:Wolfe New Sun
   • 2013, Ariadne Staples, 源自Good Goddess to Vestal Virgins‎^[2], Routledge, →ISBN:

     Of the two ritually important female categories, matrona and meretrix, it was the matrona that was held at a strict ritual distance. […] The domain of the meretrix was not held at a ritual distance. The boundary between male and female was not quite so stark when the female belonged to the category of prostitute.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

拉丁語

其他形式

• meritrix
• meletrix, meletris, menetrix, menetris (晚期拉丁語, 流行, 語音異, 輔音叢簡化, 嚴禁)

詞源

源自 mereō (“賺錢，謀生”) +‎ -trīx (“施事名詞後綴”)，字面意思為“賺錢者”。

發音

• (古典) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈme.re.triːks/, [ˈmɛ.rɛ.t̪riːks]
• (教會) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈme.re.triks/, [ˈmɛː.rɛ.t̪riks]

名詞

meretrīx f (属格 meretrīcis，阳性 meretor); 第三类变格

1. 妓女

用法說明

這個詞的用法是中性的，也可以用來形容地位高的妓女。

變格

第三類變格名詞。

格	單數	複數
主格	meretrīx	meretrīcēs
屬格	meretrīcis	meretrīcum
與格	meretrīcī	meretrīcibus
賓格	meretrīcem	meretrīcēs
奪格	meretrīce	meretrīcibus
呼格	meretrīx	meretrīcēs

派生詞彙

• meretrīcābilis
• meretrīciē
• meretrīcius
• meretrīcor
• meretrīcula

相關詞彙

• merenda
• merendārius
• merendō
• merēns
• mereō
• meritō
• meritōrium
• meritōrius
• meritum
• meritus

派生語彙

• 古倫巴底語: meltris
• 古法語: meautris
• 奧克語: meltris
• → 古英語: myltestre
• → 加泰羅尼亞語: meretriu
• → 英語: meretrix
• → 加利西亞語: meretriz
• → 意大利語: meretrice
• → 葡萄牙語: meretriz
• → 西西里語: miritrici
• → 西班牙語: meretriz

參見

• lēna

參考資料

• “meretrīx” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• J. N. Adams (1983), “Words for 'prostitute' in Latin”, Rheinisches Museum für Philologie‎^[3], 卷126, 期3/4, ISSN 0035-449X, 页321–358

延伸閱讀

• meretrix in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• “meretrix”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• meretrix在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
• “meretrix”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers