stalwart

英語

詞源

借自低地蘇格蘭語 stalwart，受到了Walter Scott（沃爾特·司各特）的影響，取代了早期的stalworth，它也是本詞的同源對似詞。源自中古英語 stal-worth (「強壯的，威猛的；勇敢的」)，源自古英語 stǣlwierþe (「狀態好的，能使用的」)，可能源自staþol (「機構」)（最終源自原始印歐語 *steh₂- (「站」)）或者stǣl (「地方；狀態，條件」) + -wierþe (表示「能夠做...」的後綴)（可能最終源自原始印歐語 *wert- (「轉」)）。

發音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈstɔːl.wət/, /ˈstɒl-/
• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈstɔl.wɚt/, /ˈstɑl-/

• （澳洲）音頻

  （文檔）

• 斷字：stal‧wart

形容詞

stalwart (比較級 more stalwart, 最高級 most stalwart)

1. 結實的，健壯的
   • 1709, [Henry the Minstrel], 「How Wallace Came into Scotland Again at the Battel of Elchok-Park」, 出自 The Life and Acts of the Most Famous and Valiant Champion, Sir William Wallace, Knight of Ellerslie; Maintainer of the Liberty of Scotland. With a Preface Containing a Short Sum of the History of that Time, Edinburgh: Printed by the heirs and successors of Andrew Anderson, printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, →OCLC, book XII，頁號 304:

     This true Man ſoon aſſembled him beforn: / Three Sons he had that ſtalwart were and bold, / And twenty Men of Kin in his Houſhold.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1849, George Frederick Ruxton, 章號 III, 出自 Life in the Far West (Plains and Rockies; 175), Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC，頁號 71:

     [A] stalwart leather-clad "boy," just returned from trapping on the waters of Grand River, on the western side the mountains, who interlards his mountain jargon with Spanish words picked up in Taos and California.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • Template:RQ:Twain Roughing It
   • 1912 August, Willa Sibert Cather, 「The Bohemian Girl」, 出自 McClure’s Magazine, 卷 XXXIX, 號 4, [New York, N.Y.]: McClure Publications, →OCLC, chapter I，頁號 422:

     The driver was a stalwart woman who sat at ease in the front seat and drove her car bare-headed. She left a cloud of dust and a trail of gasoline behind her.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2002 11月 10, Aaron Ehasz, 「Crimes of the Hot」, 出自 Futurama, 季數 5, 集數 1, 角色 Morbo, 經由 Fox Broadcasting Company:

     Direct your attention now to the African turtles seen here migrating … Morbo wishes these stalwart nomads peace.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. 勇敢的

   近義詞： courageous

   • 1832 October, 「Art II.— History of the Italian Language and Dialects. Saggi di Prose e Poesie de’ più celebri Scrittori d』ogni Secolo. VI. vol. 8vo. (Selected by L. Nardini and S. Buonaiuti。) In Londra. 1798.」, 出自 The North American Review, 卷 XXXV, 期 LXXVII, Boston, Mass.: Gray and Bowen, […], →OCLC，頁號s 301–302:

     Many other learned men of the age followed him [Romolo Amaseo] to the field, and contended with much zeal for the cause of the Latin; some even went so far as to wish the Italian completely banished entirely from the world. But stalwart champions were not wanting on the other side; and, to be brief, the impulse of public opinion soon swept away all opposition, and the popular cause was triumphant.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1842, E[dward] Howard, 章號 XXXI, 出自 Sir Henry Morgan, the Buccaneer, Paris: Baudry's European Library, […] and Stassin and Xavier, […], →OCLC，頁號 241:

     Now Tomlins always acted as Morgan's major domo in tent or quarters, and was also a stalwart hand either against ox, sheep, or enemy.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

3. 毅然的，可靠的

   近義詞： determined、staunch

近義詞

• (健壯)： firm、resilient、robust、stout、strong，參見Thesaurus:strapping
• (勇敢)： bold、brave、courageous、daring、valiant，參見Thesaurus:brave
• (毅然)： 參見Thesaurus:obstinate

反義詞

• (健壯)： feeble、flimsy、soft、weak，參見Thesaurus:weak
• (勇敢)： cowardly、gutless (非正式)、spineless，參見Thesaurus:cowardly

衍生詞彙

• stalwartly
• stalwartness

名詞

stalwart (複數 stalwarts)

1. 強壯的人
2. 堅定支持者，（理想、思想、理念等的）堅定追隨者
   • 1920?, [Lala] Lajpat Rai, 「A Fight for Crumbs」, 出自 The Call to Young India, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India: S. Ganesan & Co., →OCLC，頁號s 68–69:

     Too much authority, blind authority, mere authority, whether that of the Prince or the priest, of the Raja or the Nabob, of the oligarch or the official, of the wealty and the prosperous is the bane of Indian life, yet these stalwarts of reform always take shelter behind big names.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1954 8月 17, Thomas Leonard Hayman, 「Financial Statement」, 出自 New Zealand Parliamentary Debates: Fifth Session, Thirtieth Parliament: House of Representatives, 卷 304 (Comprising the Period from 6 August to 1 October 1954), Wellington, N.Z.: By authority; R. E. Owen, government printer, 出版於 1955, →OCLC，頁號 1200:

     But I am sure there must be a great many Socialists who would fairly turn in their graves if they knew how their successors in the Labour Party were "ratting" on the policy laid down by the old stalwarts.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

3. 可靠的人
   • 2017 10月 14, Paul Doyle, 「Mauricio Pellegrino yet to find attacking solution for stuttering Southampton: Nothing so far this season suggests the Argentinian will be more successful than Claude Puel in finding the answer to the club’s continuing lack of firepower」, 出自 The Guardian‎^[1], London，於10 November 2017歸檔自原頁面:

     Other erstwhile stalwarts are also wavering. Southampton had two of the best full-backs in the league last season but Ryan Bertrand has been below par this season and Cédric Soares made an uncharacteristic lapse that led to Stoke's winning goal in Southampton's last outing.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2021 12月 2, Margaret Fuhrer, 「Mothers of Reinvention: The Lab Pivots as Studios Close」, 出自 The New York Times‎^[2], →ISSN:

     In August, the Los Angeles-area stalwart the Lab also closed its dance space, a 12,000-square-foot location in West Covina.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

延伸閱讀

• stalwart (disambiguation)在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 ^en

低地蘇格蘭語

其他形式

• staluart, stalward, stalwarde, stalwairt, stallwart, stalouart, stalliard, stalawrt, stalowart, stallowart, stalluart

詞源

源自中古英語 stalwarde、stelewurthe，源自古英語 stǣlwierþe (「能夠使用的」)。與英語 stalworth同源。

形容詞

stalwart (比較級 mair stalwart, 最高級 maist stalwart)

1. 強壯的，健壯的
2. 勇猛的

派生語彙

• → 英語: stalwart