publicus
拉丁語[編輯]
其他形式[編輯]
- poublicos (早期拉丁語)
詞源[編輯]
源自古拉丁語 poplicus,源自古拉丁語 poplus,其發展為了拉丁語 populus (「人民」),最終源自原始意大利語 *poplos (「軍隊」),其詞源不詳。
傳統上將從-ŏp-到-ūb-的變換解釋為同根詞pūbēs (「成年人口;青年期;生殖器」)的吸引。[1]另一解釋認為這是一個可分為兩步的規則發音變換:-p-的濁化,以及-o-到-ou-的拆分(而單元音化為-ū-)。[2]
發音[編輯]
形容詞[編輯]
pūblicus (陰性 pūblica, 中性 pūblicum); 第一/第二類變格 形容詞
- 人民的、國家的或社會的
- 58-49 BCE, Gaius Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico, VI.13.4:
- Illi rebus divinis intersunt, sacrificia publica ac privata procurant, religiones interpretantur.
- (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
- 58-49 BCE, Gaius Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico, VI.13.4:
- 公共的,普遍的
變格[編輯]
數 | 單數 | 複數 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
格 / 性 | 陽性 | 陰性 | 中性 | 陽性 | 陰性 | 中性 | |
主格 | pūblicus | pūblica | pūblicum | pūblicī | pūblicae | pūblica | |
屬格 | pūblicī | pūblicae | pūblicī | pūblicōrum | pūblicārum | pūblicōrum | |
與格 | pūblicō | pūblicō | pūblicīs | ||||
賓格 | pūblicum | pūblicam | pūblicum | pūblicōs | pūblicās | pūblica | |
奪格 | pūblicō | pūblicā | pūblicō | pūblicīs | |||
呼格 | pūblice | pūblica | pūblicum | pūblicī | pūblicae | pūblica |
近義詞[編輯]
- (公共的): forēnsis
衍生詞彙[編輯]
相關詞彙[編輯]
派生語彙[編輯]
- 繼承:
- 借詞:
名詞[編輯]
pūblicus m (屬格 pūblicī); 第二類變格
- 地方執法官
變格[編輯]
第二類變格名詞。
格 | 單數 | 複數 |
---|---|---|
主格 | pūblicus | pūblicī |
屬格 | pūblicī | pūblicōrum |
與格 | pūblicō | pūblicīs |
賓格 | pūblicum | pūblicōs |
奪格 | pūblicō | pūblicīs |
呼格 | pūblice | pūblicī |
參考資料[編輯]
- publicus in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
- publicus在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- publicus在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (模糊)to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
- statesmen: auctores consilii publici
- public land; state domain: ager publicus
- (模糊)in the time of the Republic: libera re publica
- (模糊)to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
- (模糊)to be cast out unburied: proiici inhumatum (in publicum)
- (模糊)in the streets: in publico
- (模糊)to show oneself in the streets, in public: in publicum prodire (Verr. 2. 1. 31)
- (模糊)to never appear in public: publico carere, se abstinere
- (模糊)at the time of a most satisfactory government: optima re publica
- (模糊)the Republic: libera res publica, liber populus
- (模糊)to hold the first position in the state: principem in re publica locum obtinere
- (模糊)public affairs: negotia publica (Off. 1. 20. 69)
- (模糊)to take part in politics: in re publica or in rebus publicis versari
- (模糊)to retire from public life: a re publica recedere
- (模糊)to shun publicity: publico carere, forum ac lucem fugere
- (模糊)the state is secure: res publica stat (opp. iacet)
- (模糊)for the advantage of the state; in the interests of the state: e re publica (opp. contra rem p.)
- (模糊)the welfare of the state: summa res publica (or summa rei publicae)
- (模糊)the interests of the state: commoda publica or rei publicae rationes
- (模糊)to have the good of the state at heart: bene, optime sentire de re publica
- (模糊)to have the good of the state at heart: omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
- (模糊)statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
- (模糊)an experienced politician: homo in re publica exercitatus
- (模糊)to possess great political insight: plus in re publica videre
- (模糊)a man's policy is aiming at, directed towards..: alicuius in re publica or capessendae rei publicae consilia eo spectant, ut...
- (模糊)to bring a law before the notice of the people: legem proponere in publicum
- (模糊)a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius
- (模糊)to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
- (模糊)to hold different views in politics: ab aliquo in re publica dissentire
- (模糊)democracy: imperium populi or populare, civitas or res publica popularis
- (模糊)to betray the interests of the state: a re publica deficere
- (模糊)the public income from the mines: pecunia publica, quae ex metallis redit
- (模糊)let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
- (模糊)to let out public works to contract: locare opera publica
- (模糊)the council of the nation; the senate: publicum consilium (Phil. 7.7. 19)
- (模糊)a criminal case: causa publica (Brut. 48. 178)
- (模糊)to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
- ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, ISBN 9789004167971
- ↑ Ranjan Sen (2015) Syllable and Segment in Latin[2], Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199660186, 頁146