harass

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典

英語[編輯]

詞源[編輯]

原始印歐語詞
*ḱe
原始印歐語詞
*ís

動詞派生自中古法語古法語 harasser (使...力竭;折磨,煩擾)(現代法語 harasser (使...力竭)),可能源自古法語 harer (放狗追)[1]源自古法蘭克語 *hara (此處,到這裡, 命令狗攻擊的指令)[2]源自原始日耳曼語 *hē₂r (這裡),最終源自原始印歐語 *ḱe (這裡;這個) + *ís (那個,那位) + *-r

名詞派生自動詞。[3]

發音[編輯]

  • (標準英音) 英語發音hăʹrəs, hərăsʹIPA(幫助)/ˈhæɹəs/, /həˈɹæs/
  • 文檔
  • (通用美式) 英語發音hərăsʹ, hăʹrəsIPA(幫助)/həˈɹæs/, /ˈhæɹəs/
    • 重音在第一個音節上的第一個發音較老,一部分人認為只有它是正確的,但重音在第二個音節上的第二個發音現在也很常見。[2]
  • 韻部:-æɹəs, -æs
  • 斷字:ha‧rass

動詞[編輯]

harass (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 harasses,現在分詞 harassing,一般過去時及過去分詞 harassed) (及物)

  1. 煩擾騷擾糾纏
    近義詞: beleaguerbesetchevyharryhasslemolestplague
    1. (尤指) (法律上的)頻繁再三騷擾
  2. 給...負擔,使...緊張
    To harass good people is no different than speaking ill of them.
    (請為本使用例添加中文翻譯)
    • 1761Thomas Boston,「State II. Namely, the State of Nature or of Entire Depravation. Head I. The Sinfulness of Man’s Natural State. [Of the Corruption of the Will.]」,出自 Human Nature in Its Four-fold State [],12th edition,Edinburgh: [] David Gray [], OCLC 1227576333, 頁號80:
      The ſoul that dies this death, is like a loving wife matched with a rigorous huſband: ſhe does what ſhe can to pleaſe him, yet he is never pleaſed; but toſſeth, haraſſeth, and beats her, till ſhe break her heart, and death ſets her free: []
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 1831William French and George Skinner譯,, A New Translation of the Proverbs of Solomon from the Original Hebrew [],Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: [] J. Smith printer to the University; London: John Murray [], OCLC 557695510, Proverbs XI:29, 頁號37:
      He, who harasseth his household, shall inherit the wind; / And the fool shall be the servant of the wise in heart.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 1839Martin F[arquhar] Tupper,「Of Discretion」,出自 Proverbial Philosophy: A Book of Thoughts and Arguments, Originally Treated,3rd edition,London:Joseph Rickerby, [], OCLC 1106736458, 頁號147–148:
      Zeal without judgment is an evil, though it be zeal unto good; / [] / By a shoulder to the wheel downhill harasseth the labouring beast, / And where an obstruction were needed, will harm by an ill judged thrusting-on.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • Template:RQ:Tennyson Maud
  3. 反覆攻擊
  4. (棄用, 常後接out) 使...筋疲力竭,使...勞累不堪
    • Template:RQ:Bacon War with Spain
    • Template:RQ:Dryden Georgics
    • Template:RQ:Addison Cato
    • 1812John Mason Good,「Part II. First Series of Controversy.」,出自 The Book of Job, Literally Translated from the Original Hebrew, and Restored to Its Natural Arrangement: [],London: [] [F]or Black, Parry, and Co. [], by R. Watts, Broxbourn Press, OCLC 1190975254, Job XIV:19–20:
      As the waters wear to pieces the stones, / As their overflowings sweep the soil from the land,— / So consumest thou the hope of man; / Thou harassest him continually till he perish; / Thou weariest out his frame, and despatchest him.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 1825Jedediah Cleishbotham [pseudonym],「Substance of Some Traditions Respecting Grimmfer the Wizard」,出自 New Landlord’s Tales; or, Jedediah in the South. [],卷號II,London: [] [S. Gosnell] for T[homas] Hookham, [], OCLC 230654412, chapter I, 頁號126–127:
      '[T]is true, that he neither harasseth his vassals from morn to eve by hard labour and exaction, nor committeth them to the dungeon, when they can no longer work nor pay. But to knights of our calling, Monsieur Robichon, he is as ill disposed as the worst of them:— []
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
      By an unknown author in imitation of Walter Scott’s Tales of My Landlord (1816–1832).

變位[編輯]

衍生詞彙[編輯]

相關詞彙[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

harass (複數 harasses)

  1. (古舊) 騷擾
    近義詞: harassmentpestering

參考資料[編輯]

  1. harass, v.」, OED Online Paid subscription required, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2021
  2. 2.0 2.1 harass, v.」, Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
  3. harass, n.」, OED Online Paid subscription required, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, June 2019

延伸閱讀[編輯]

異序詞[編輯]