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fjord

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典
參見:Fjordfjørðfjörð fjǫrð

英語

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詞源

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A fjord in Aurland, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

非同化借詞,源自挪威語 fjord,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr,源自原始日耳曼語 *ferþu*ferþuz (水灣,峽灣)[1]源自原始印歐語 *pértus (交叉口),源自*per- () + *-tus (從動詞詞根構成動作名詞的後綴)firth, ford, port同源對似詞

發音

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名詞

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fjord (複數 fjords)

  1. 峽灣
    • 1839,T. D. W[hatley],「Section II. Norway.」, in A Hand-book for Travellers in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Russia, being a Guide to the Principal Routes in Those Countries, [],London: John Murray, []; Leipzig: Black and Armstrong, →OCLC73:
      About 20 English miles beyond this river, which is the largest in Norway, the road crosses the fjord which forms the boundary of the two kingdoms [Norway and Sweden]; and whose waters but too often in former days were dyed with the life-blood of many a bold mountaineer who crossed the "border stream" never to return.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • 1841Harriet Martineau,「The Water Sprites』 Doings.」, in Feats on the Fiord. A Tale (The Playfellow; a Series of Tales to be Published Quarterly; 3),London: Charles Knight & Co., [], →OCLC頁s 123–124:
      At last one gave a deep groan, and another declared that the spirits of the fiord were against them, and there was no doubt that their boat was now lying twenty fathoms deep, at the bottom of the creek; drawn down by the strong hand of an angry water-spirit. [...] Another said he would not go till he had looked abroad over the fiord, for some chance of seeing the boat.
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    • 1894 August,Spitzbergen and Norway in August 1894: Itinerary of the Pleasure Cruise of the 「S.S. Lusitania.」 From 1st August to 2nd September (33 Days),London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Limited [], →OCLC46:
      Like most of the larger inlets, and some of the inland lakes, the Sogne fjord is much deeper than the sea beyond, the depth in places being upwards of 4,000 feet, [...] Before the "glacial epoch," thousands of streams commenced the work of erosion and produced valleys and gorges. During the glacial epoch these channels were enlarged, and lake basins were hollowed out. The descending glaciers ground out fjords to their full length when the glacial epoch was at its height, but as it declined they ground out the inner parts to a still greater depth, producing the present character of the marine fjords, and giving rise to lake hollows in other places.
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    • 1909Ralph S[tockman] Tarr,「General Physiography」, in The Yakutat Bay Region, Alaska (United States Geographical Survey, Department of the Interior, Professional Paper; 64),Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, part I (Physiography and Glacial Geology),15:
      Disenchantment Bay, as the Yakutat Bay inlet is called north of Point Latouche, is bordered on the east by the steep hills of the peninsula and on the west by the main mountain front. Its coast is precipitous and through nearly its entire length it is a true mountain-walled fiord. The two mountain walls approach each other at Point Latouche almost at right angles, and Disenchantment Bay enters between them with a nearly north-south axis.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • 1951,Richard A. Hebert,「Hancock County」, in Modern Maine: Its Historic Background, People and Resources,卷 II, New York, N.Y.: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, part III (A County by County Descriptive Outline of City, Town and Country in Maine),281:
      In the center of Mount Desert Island is deep Somes Sound, almost bisecting the island and forming the only natural fjord on the entire Atlantic Coast of North America.
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    • 1973 December,「Description of the Environment」, in Proposed Harding Icefield–Kenai Fjords National Monument, Alaska: Draft Environmental Impact Statement DES 73-86,[Washington, D.C.: Alaska Planning Group, National Park Service, Department of the Interior], →OCLC, section II.A.1 (Physical Environment),51:
      The warm Alaska Current raises the water temperature off the coast of the monument to approximately 55°F. in the summer, while winter temperatures range from 37.5° to 40°F. Temperatures in individual fjords vary due to tidewater glaciers and fresh water flowing into the fjords [...].
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • 2010,M. E. Inall, P. A. Gillibrand,「The Physics of Mid-latitude Fjords: A Review」, in Fjord Systems and Archives (Geographical Society Special Publication; no. 344),London: The Geological Society, →ISBN17:
      Why should the flow of water within a fjord be of interest to the geologist? After all, fjordic geomorphology has changed little over the last few thousand years. One reason is that attention has recently focused on fjords as archives of Holocene climate change.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • 2019,J. N. Moum, W. D. Smyth,「Upper Ocean Mixing」, in Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences,卷 I (Marine Biogeochemistry), London, San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, →ISBN75:
      Fiords are glacially carved oceanic intrusions into land. They are often deep and narrow with a sill in the mouth. Waters from neighboring seas and locally supplied fresh water fill up the fiords, often leading to strong stratification. Fiords with tidewater glaciers also contain glacial ice. During transport into and stay in the fiord, mixing processes modify the properties of imported water masses.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯

其他形式

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  • fiord (現主要用於新西蘭)

衍生詞彙

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相關詞彙

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派生語彙

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  • 日語: フィヨルド (fiyorudo)

參考資料

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  1. fiord, fjord, n.」,OED Online Paid subscription required,Oxford, Oxfordshire:Oxford University Press,1896年; 「fjord」,LexicoDictionary.com; Oxford University Press,2019–present年.

捷克語

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詞源

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古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr

發音

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名詞

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fjord m 無生

  1. 峽灣

變格

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丹麥語

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詞源

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源自古丹麥語 fiorth,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr (峽灣),源自原始日耳曼語 *ferþuz (峽灣),源自原始印歐語 *pértus (交叉口)

發音

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名詞

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fjord c (定指單數 fjorden,不定複數 fjorde)

  1. 峽灣

屈折

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fjord 的變格
通性 單數 複數
不定 定指 不定 定指
主格 fjord fjorden fjorde fjordene
屬格 fjords fjordens fjordes fjordenes

荷蘭語

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詞源

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借自挪威語 fjord,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr

發音

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名詞

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fjord m (複數 fjorden指小 fjordje n)

  1. 峽灣
  2. 挪威峽灣馬
    近義詞:fjordenpaard

衍生詞彙

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相關詞彙

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法語

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其他形式

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fjord

詞源

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挪威語 fjord,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðrport同源對似詞

發音

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名詞

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fjord m (複數 fjords)

  1. 峽灣

派生語彙

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延伸閱讀

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匈牙利語

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發音

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fjord

名詞

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fjord (複數 fjordok)

  1. 峽灣

變格

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fjord所有格形式
所有者 單個所有物 多個所有物
第一人稱單數 fjordom fjordjaim
第二人稱單數 fjordod fjordjaid
第三人稱單數 fjordja fjordjai
第一人稱複數 fjordunk fjordjaink
第二人稱複數 fjordotok fjordjaitok
第三人稱複數 fjordjuk fjordjaik

參考資料

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  • Bakos Ferenc & Fábián Pál, Idegen szavak és kifejezések szótára. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1989, ISBN 963 05 5307 4

書面挪威語

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挪威語維基百科有一篇文章關於:
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fjord

詞源

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源自丹麥語 fjord,源自古丹麥語 fiorth,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr,源自原始日耳曼語 *ferþuz (峽灣),源自原始印歐語 *pértus (交叉口)

發音

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本詞條需要音訊檔案。如果您有麥克風,請錄製並上傳

名詞

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fjord m (定指單數 fjorden,不定複數 fjorder,定指複數 fjordene)

  1. 峽灣

用法說明

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用作峽灣名時作 -fjorden

衍生詞彙

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派生語彙

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參考資料

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「fjord」在《書面挪威語詞典》中的解釋。

新挪威語

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詞源

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源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr,源自原始日耳曼語 *ferþuz (峽灣),源自原始印歐語 *pértus (交叉口)。與英語 firth有關。

發音

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本詞條需要音訊檔案。如果您有麥克風,請錄製並上傳

名詞

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fjord m (定單數 fjorden,不定複數 fjordar,定複數 fjordane)

  1. 峽灣

用法說明

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用作峽灣名時作 -fjorden

衍生詞彙

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派生語彙

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參考資料

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「fjord」在《新挪威語詞典》中的解釋。

塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語

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詞源

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源自挪威語 fjord,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr

發音

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名詞

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fjȍrd m 無生 (西里爾字母拼寫 фјо̏рд)

  1. 峽灣

變格

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fjord 的變格
單數 複數
主格 fjȍrd fjòrdovi
屬格 fjorda fjòrdōvā
與格 fjordu fjordovima
賓格 fjord fjordove
呼格 fjorde fjordovi
方位格 fjordu fjordovima
工具格 fjordom fjordovima

參考資料

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  • 參見《Hrvatski jezični portal》中有關「fjord」的內容

斯洛伐克語

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斯洛伐克語維基百科有一篇文章關於:
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詞源

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派生古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr

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名詞

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fjord m 無生 (屬格單數 fjordu主格複數 fjordy屬格複數 fjordov,變格模式 dub)

  1. 峽灣

變格

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延伸閱讀

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  • fjord」,Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [斯洛伐克科學院盧多維特·什圖爾語言研究所辭典入口],https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk , 2003–2026年

瑞典語

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詞源

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源自古瑞典語 fiordher,源自古諾爾斯語 fjǫrðr,源自原始諾爾斯語 *ᚠᛖᚱᚦᚢᛉ (*ferþuʀ),源自原始日耳曼語 *ferþuz (峽灣),源自原始印歐語 *pértus (交叉口)fjärd同源對似詞

發音

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名詞

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fjord c

  1. 峽灣

變格

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相關詞彙

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參考資料

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