ex

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典
參見:Exex.ex- -ex

英語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

  • IPA(幫助)/ɛks/
  • 文檔
  • 韻部:-ɛks

詞源1[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex (複數 exes)

  1. 拉丁文字字母X的名稱。
派生詞[編輯]
參見[編輯]

詞源2[編輯]

源自刪除時多用的叉形類似字母X

動詞[編輯]

ex (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 exes,現在分詞 exing,一般過去時及過去分詞 exed)

  1. 刪除

詞源3[編輯]

前綴ex-的單獨使用。

名詞[編輯]

ex (複數 exes)

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)
    Her ex is still sending her flowers, even though she has moved on.
    雖然她早就搬家了,她前任還在給他送花。

形容詞[編輯]

ex (無比較級)

  1. 之前

詞源4[編輯]

源自拉丁語 ex (出,從),源自電報縮寫。

形容詞[編輯]

ex (無比較級)

  1. (火車) 本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加,並移除{{rfdef}}模板。
    • 1885,F. A. Marindin,引用Arthur Oakes,Henry G. Calcraft編, Annual Reports, Returns, Etc[1], 頁號96:
      When between the station and the junction I was looking to the rear of the train on the near side, thinking it possible that we might receive a signal from the guard to shunt at Swindon junction to allow the 2.27 a.m. fast train ex Derby to pass, but the guard did not give any signal
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 1921,John Hope Fellows編, The Locomotive News and Railway Contractor, Volumes 8-10[2],Locomotive news agency, 頁號34:
      The train was the 12.40 p.m. ex Derby on January 14th, 1914
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 2003年2月11日,"Fat Richard",「Re: Chiltern not stopping at Warwick Parkway」,出自 uk.railway, Usenet[3], retrieved 11 June 2018, message-ID <2a1e76b8-185c-4b27-a8d2-6f3f3331f6cd@dp10g2000vbb.googlegroups.com>:
      All trains from start of service up to the 13.57 ex Norwich (16.45 ex Nottingham) are 4 cars between Nottingham and Liverpool and all East bound trains are 4 cars from Liverpool Lime Street as far as Nottingham.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 2016年3月17日,Derek Jones,「South East Bus Festival, Detling, 2 April 2016」,出自 Invicta Newsgroup, Usenet[4], retrieved 11 June 2018, message-ID <CAJ9GgXJNSabs=QsEzzf-tCXQcXPdZyRZgiEtk9J3e8ToRs+ctg@mail.gmail.com>:
      The outward timing is: Ashford International railway station (domestic side) *departs at 09.25hrs* (connecting with the 07.32 ex Brighton *Marshlink* train and, 08.37 ex London St. Pancras International *HS1* train)
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)

詞源5[編輯]

expensive的縮略。

形容詞[編輯]

ex (比較級 more ex最高級 most ex)

  1. (新加坡)
    It's too ex.
    太貴了。

異序詞[編輯]

加泰羅尼亞語[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex m f (無屈折)

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

荷蘭語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex m f (複數 exen,指小詞 exje n)

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

德語[編輯]

動詞[編輯]

ex

  1. exen 的命令式單數。
  2. exen 的第一人稱單數現在時。

匈牙利語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex (複數 exek)

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

變格[編輯]

變格 (詞幹:-e-,元音和諧律:前不圓唇)
單數 複數
主格 ex exek
賓格 exet exeket
與格 exnek exeknek
工具格 exszel exekkel
因果格 exért exekért
轉移格 exszé exekké
到格 exig exekig
樣格-形式 exként exekként
樣格-情態
內格 exben exekben
頂格 exen exeken
接格 exnél exeknél
入格 exbe exekbe
上下格 exre exekre
向格 exhez exekhez
出格 exből exekből
上格 exről exekről
奪格 extől exektől

冰島語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex n (屬格單數 ex,主格複數 ex)

  1. 拉丁字母X/x的名稱。

變格[編輯]

意大利語[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex m f

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

拉丁語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

詞源1[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex f (ex)

  1. 字母 X 的名稱。
使用注意[編輯]
  • 字母X, x最開始有多種名稱,最常見的有ix/īx, ex,或單音節x,也有可能有過, 的名稱。
近義詞[編輯]
相關詞彙[編輯]

參考資料[編輯]

  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63

詞源2[編輯]

源自原始印歐語 *h₁eǵʰs ()。與古希臘語 ἐξ (ex)/ἐκ (ek), 古愛爾蘭語 ess-, a, ass, 立陶宛語 ìš, 教會斯拉夫語 из (iz)同源。

介詞[編輯]

ex (+ 奪格)

使用注意[編輯]
  • 有時縮作ē。後跟的名詞奪格以元音或 h 時則不縮寫。另外,兩種形式可以在同一句子中出現 (如 "qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt」, Cicero, Republic 6, 14)。
反義詞[編輯]
派生詞[編輯]
派生語彙[編輯]
  • 葡萄牙語:eis

參考資料[編輯]

  • ex in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
  • ex」, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ex在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
  • ex在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[5], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to stand out of the water: ex aqua exstare
    • to come to the surface: (se) ex aqua emergere
    • to draw off water from a river: aquam ex flumine derivare
    • the Rhine rises in the Alps: Rhenus oritur or profluit ex Alpibus
    • the tide is coming in: aestus ex alto se incitat (B. G. 3.12)
    • to evacuate territory: (ex) finibus excedere
    • to return from a journey: ex itinere redire
    • to leave a place: discedere a, de, ex loco aliquo
    • to leave a place: egredi loco; excedere ex loco
    • to quit a place for ever: decedere loco, de, ex loco
    • to dismount: descendere ex equo
    • the Nile rushes down from very high mountains: Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus
    • to rush out of the house: se proripere ex domo
    • since the time that, since (at the beginning of a sentence): ex quo tempore or simply ex quo
    • to wrest from a person's hand: ex or de manibus alicui or alicuius extorquere aliquid
    • to go out of sight, disappear: abire ex oculis, e conspectu alicuius
    • a native of England: ortus ab Anglis or oriundus ex Anglis
    • to leave one's boyhood behind one, become a man: ex pueris excedere
    • to have the gout: ex pedibus laborare, pedibus aegrum esse
    • to recover from a disease: ex morbo convalescere (not reconvalescere)
    • to sleep soundly (from fatigue): arte, graviter dormire (ex lassitudine)
    • to depart this life: (ex) vita excedere, ex vita abire
    • to depart this life: de vita exire, de (ex) vita migrare
    • concatenation, interdependence of causes: rerum causae aliae ex aliis nexae
    • important results are often produced by trivial causes: ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum momenta pendent
    • to originate in, arise from: ex aliqua re nasci, manare
    • to accrue in great abundance: ex aliqua re redundare (in or ad aliquid)
    • untold advantages arise from a thing: utilitas efflorescit ex aliqua re
    • these things have the same origin: haec ex eodem fonte fluunt, manant
    • from every point of view; looked at in every light: omni ex parte; in omni genere; omnibus rebus
    • to a certain extent: aliqua ex parte
    • to depend upon a thing: pendēre ex aliqua re
    • to be composed of; to consist of: constare ex aliqua re
    • it is evident from..: cernitur (in) aliqua re (not ex aliqua re)
    • to let success slip through one's fingers: fortunam ex manibus dimittere
    • his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: ad felicitatem (magnus) cumulus accedit ex aliqua re
    • to rescue from peril: aliquem ex periculo eripere, servare
    • to raise a man from poverty to wealth: aliquem ex paupere divitem facere
    • to be of use: usui or ex usu esse
    • to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
    • (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me
    • to find favour with some one; to get into their good graces: benevolentiam, favorem, voluntatem alicuius sibi conciliare or colligere (ex aliqua re)
    • according to a man's deserts: ex, pro merito
    • as one would wish; to one's mind: ex sententia
    • I heard him say..: ex eo audivi, cum diceret
    • to derive pleasure from a thing: voluptatem ex aliqua re capere or percipere
    • to recruit oneself, seek relaxation: animum relaxare, reficere, recreare or simply se reficere, se recreare, refici, recreari (ex aliqua re)
    • to infer by comparison, judge one thing by another: coniecturam alicuius rei facere or capere ex aliqua re
    • to judge others by oneself: de se (ex se de aliis) coniecturam facere
    • to relieve a man of his scruple: scrupulum ex animo alicuius evellere (Rosc. Am. 2. 6)
    • according to my strong conviction: ex animi mei sententia (vid. sect. XI. 2)
    • to put off from one day to another: diem ex die ducere, differre
    • from memory; by heart: ex memoria (opp. de scripto)
    • the memory of this will never fade from my mind: numquam ex animo meo memoria illius rei discedet
    • a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
    • to choose one from a large number of instances: ex infinita exemplorum copia unum (pauca) sumere, decerpere (eligere)
    • to take a lesson from some one's example: sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo or exemplum capere de aliquo
    • systematic succession, concatenation: continuatio seriesque rerum, ut alia ex alia nexa et omnes inter se aptae colligataeque sint (N. D. 1. 4. 9)
    • to derive an argument from a thing: argumentum ducere, sumere ex aliqua re or petere ab aliqua re
    • to draw a conclusion from a thing: concludere, colligere, efficere, cogere ex aliqua re
    • it follows from this that..: sequitur (not ex quo seq.) ut
    • it follows from this that..: ex quo, unde, hinc efficitur ut
    • to speak extempore: subito, ex tempore (opp. ex praeparato) dicere
    • there is a flavour of Atticism about his discourse: ex illius orationibus ipsae Athenae redolent
    • profound sentiments: sententiae reconditae ex exquisitae (Brut. 97. 274)
    • to read a speech: de scripto orationem habere, dicere (opp. sine scripto, ex memoria)
    • to translate from Plato: ab or de (not ex) Platone vertere, convertere, transferre
    • what follows has been translated into Latin from Plato's Phaedo: ex Platonis Phaedone haec in latinum conversa sunt
    • to extract a word from some one: verbum ex aliquo elicere
    • no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
    • to form, derive a word from... (used of the man who first creates the word): vocabulum, verbum, nomen ducere ab, ex...
    • to make extracts from Cicero's writings: aliquid, multa ex Ciceronis libris excerpere (not excerpere librum)
    • to take pleasure in a thing: laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re
    • I am pained, vexed, sorry: doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re
    • to be vexed about a thing: dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re
    • to undergo severe trouble, trials: magnum luctum haurire (without ex-)
    • to feel sorrow about a thing: luctum percipere ex aliqua re
    • to recover from one's fright: ex metu se recreare, se colligere
    • to stifle, repress all humane sentiments in one's mind: omnem humanitatem ex animo exstirpare (Amic. 13. 48)
    • to love deeply: aliquem ex animo or ex animi sententia amare (Q. Fr. 1. 1. 5)
    • to banish love from one's mind: amorem ex animo eicere
    • to banish all feeling of prejudice from the mind: suspicionem ex animo delere
    • to make a person odious, unpopular: invidiam, odium ex-, concitare alicui, in aliquem
    • to live as scrupulously moral a life as ever: nihil ex pristina virtute remittere
    • to measure something by the standard of something else; to make something one's criterion: metiri, ponderare, aestimare, iudicare aliquid (ex) aliqua re
    • to banish devout sentiment from the minds of others: religionem ex animis extrahere (N. D. 1. 43. 121)
    • I swear on my conscience: ex animi mei sententia iuro
    • sole heir; heir to three-quarters of the estate: heres ex asse, ex dodrante
    • heir to two-thirds of the property: heres ex besse
    • according to my custom: ex consuetudine mea (opp. praeter consuetudinem)
    • according to traditional usage: ex instituto (Liv. 6. 10. 6)
    • to have a large income from a thing (e.g. from mines): magnas pecunias ex aliqua re (e.g. ex metallis) facere
    • the rate of interest has gone up from 4 per cent to 8 per cent: fenus ex triente Id. Quint. factum erat bessibus (Att. 4. 15. 7)
    • to make profit out of a thing: lucrum facere (opp. damnum facere) ex aliqua re
    • to get out of debt: ex aere alieno exire
    • to depose, bring down a person from his elevated position: aliquem ex altissimo dignitatis gradu praecipitare (Dom. 37. 98)
    • to raise oneself by another's fall: crescere ex aliquo
    • to profit by the unpopularity of the senate to gain influence oneself: crescere ex invidia senatoria
    • to use some one's unpopularity as a means of making oneself popular: ex invidia alicuius auram popularem petere (Liv. 22. 26)
    • owing to political dissension: ex rei publicae dissensione
    • to banish a person, send him into exile: ex urbe (civitate) expellere, pellere aliquem
    • to expel a person from the city, country: exterminare (ex) urbe, de civitate aliquem (Mil. 37. 101)
    • to deliver the state from a tyranny: rem publicam in libertatem vindicare a or ex dominatione
    • the public income from the mines: pecunia publica, quae ex metallis redit
    • to go to law with a person: (ex) iure, lege agere cum aliquo
    • justly and equitably: ex aequo et bono (Caecin. 23. 65)
    • to make a sally, sortie from the town: eruptionem facere ex oppido
    • to make a sally, sortie from the town: crebras ex oppido excursiones facere (B. G. 2. 30)
    • to fight on horseback: ex equo pugnare
    • soldiers routed and dispersed: ex (in) fuga dissipati or dispersi (B. G. 2. 24)
    • to die of wounds: ex vulnere mori (Fam. 10. 33)
    • to triumph over some one: triumphare de aliquo (ex bellis)
    • to triumph over some one: triumphum agere de or ex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
    • according to treaty: ex pacto, ex foedere
    • the ships sail from the harbour: naves ex portu solvunt
    • the ships sail out on a fair wind: ventum (tempestatem) nancti idoneum ex portu exeunt
    • the storm drives some one on an unknown coast: procella (tempestas) aliquem ex alto ad ignotas terras (oras) defert
    • to land, disembark: exire ex, de navi
    • much damage was done by this collision: ex eo navium concursu magnum incommodum est acceptum
    • from this it appears, is apparent: ex quo intellegitur or intellegi potest, debet
    • from this it appears, is apparent: ex quo perspicuum est
  • ex in Ramminger, Johann (訪問於16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[6], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • ex」, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, 卷1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, ISBN 9789004167971, 頁195f

中古英語[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex

  1. ax ()的另一種寫法

葡萄牙語[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex m f 遵詞義 (無語尾變化)

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

西班牙語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex m f (複數 exes)

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

形容詞[編輯]

ex (多用於名詞前)

  1. 之前

使用注意[編輯]

一般情況下與ex-可以互換,如前省長可作ex gobernadorexgobernador

《西班牙語詞典》(DRAE)認為前綴ex-多用於單詞 (如excapitán),ex 則多用於非單個的詞(如ex primera dama - 前第一夫人)

瑞典語[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

ex n

  1. 前任(前夫/前妻/前男女朋友)

變格[編輯]

ex 的變格形式
單數 複數
不定 定指 不定 定指
主格 ex exet ex exen
屬格 ex exets ex exens