arduous

英語

詞源

源自拉丁語 arduus (「高聳的，險峻的，難以企及的，困難的，費事的」)，與愛爾蘭語 ard (「高的」)有關。

發音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈɑːdjuːəs/, /ˈɑːd͡ʒuːəs/
• (美國) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈɑːɹd͡ʒuəs/

• （美國）音頻

  （文檔）

形容詞

arduous (比較級 more arduous, 最高級 most arduous)

1. 艱苦的，艱難的

   The movement towards a peaceful settlement has been a long and arduous political struggle.

   這個和平解決爭端的努力是一場費時費力的政治鬥爭。

   • 2012 5月 5, Phil McNulty, 「Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool」, 出自 BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     Chelsea survived and can now turn their attentions to the Champions League final against Bayern Munich in Germany later this month as they face an increasingly arduous task to finish in the Premier League's top four.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:arduous。
2. (棄用) 炙熱的
   • 1805-1814, Dante, Henry Francis Cary (translator), The Divine Comedy

     Where flames the arduous Spirit of Isidore.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

3. （因陡峭，險峻等）難以越過的
   • 1974, Sue Bowder, The American biking atlas & touring guide，頁號 77:

     Beyond the river, an arduous slope rises 3286 feet in 13 miles.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1999, Scott Ciencin, Mike Fredericks, Dinoverse:

     Mike looked up from the arduous mountain trail. They'd been climbing for five hours and he was beginning to feel irritable.

   • 2006, Jack W. Plunkett, Plunkett's Entertainment & Media Industry Almanac 2006:

     Survivor reaches as many as 28 million viewers who watch contestants win a new Pontiac or guzzle Mountain Dew after scaling an arduous cliff.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:arduous。

近義詞

• burdensome、demanding、exhausting、fatiguing、laborious、onerous、strenuous、strugglesome、wearisome

衍生詞彙

• arduousness

相關詞彙

• arduity

延伸閱讀

• 「arduous」, Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, OCLC 800618302
• 「arduous」, The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, OCLC 867766587
• OneLook 在線詞典 上有關 arduous 的釋義