washout

参见：wash out 和 wash-out

英语

词源

wash out 的动词派生词。^[1]^[2]

发音

(标准英音) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈwɒʃaʊt/
（英国南部）音频： (档案)
(通用美式) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈwɔʃˌaʊt/、/ˈwɑʃ-/
断字：wash‧out

名词

washout (可数和不可数，复数 washouts)

（内部的）清洗，冲洗
- 1944 March–April，E. S. Waterhouse，“Two Footplate Rides on ‘Merchant Navy’ Locomotives”, in The Railway Magazine，London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC，页 88:
  No. 21C9 was in need of a boiler washout and though she was carefully and assiduously fired and use made of the fire-irons during the run, it was not possible to maintain steam, which often fell as low as 210 lb.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1959 April，“Motive Power Miscellany: Eastern Region”, in Trains Illustrated，London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC，页 224:
  In recent months, as we have already reported, boiler washouts of Stratford's "Britannia" Pacifics have been carried out at Norwich, owing to the better staff situation at the latter shed, […]
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
（内部的）清洗用具
The cistern was fitted with washouts and air-valves.
（请为本使用例添加中文翻译）
冲刷造成的侵蚀；冲出来的水渠
1. (原用于美国，铁路运输，道路运输) 洪水造成的铁路或路面缺口
  近义词：(多用于澳大利亚) washaway
  
  同类词：slipout
  - 2020年8月26日，“Network News: [Grant] Shapps Orders Rapid Review of Flash Flood Resilience from NR”, in Rail，Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，页 9:
    In a message to NR [National Rail] staff on August 14, Haines said: "It's not just Scotland impacted by extreme wet weather. This week we have seen, and will continue to see, heavy rain fall. This has caused washouts and landslips across the length and breadth of Great Britain."
    （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
(俚语)
2. 因雨天而取消的活动
  近义词：rainout
  - 1939，The Railroad Telegrapher，卷 56, Peoria, Ill.: Order of Railroad Telegraphers, →OCLC，页 779:
    The Austin picnic was a washout, rained all day.
    （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
3. 决定性胜利，大胜
  - 2011年3月28日，“Illawarra turns blue in Liberal washout”, in ABC News‎^[1]，Sydney, N.S.W.，存档自the original on 2023-03-03:
    Illawarra turns blue in Liberal washout [title]
    （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  - 2020年11月5日，Jack Elsom，“‘We were told this was going to be a landslide!’ Piers Morgan blames the Democrats and Joe Biden’s lacklustre campaign for closer than predicted presidential race”, in Daily Mail‎^[2]，London: DMG Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，存档自the original on 2020-11-19:
    [Joe] Biden failed to flip crucial toss-up states such as Florida and Ohio and pull off the blue washout his supporters had been touting.
    （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
4. 令人失望的惨败
  - Template:RQ:Doyle Land of Mist
  - Template:RQ:Wodehouse Jeeves in the Offing
  - 2022年11月11日，Hugo Lowell，“Rift in Trump’s inner circle over 2024 presidential campaign announcement”, in 衛報‎^[3]，倫敦: 衛報媒體集團, →ISSN, →OCLC，存档自the original on 2023-05-16:
    With the ex-president [Donald Trump] facing heat for the GOP's midterm washout, there is conflict on if he should hold off next week's event [subtitle]
    （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
5. 失败的人
  As an actor he was a complete washout, so he went back to accounting.
  他的表演生涯很失败，所以他又干回了会计。
(航空)
1. (航空学) （空气作用下）机翼的扭曲
2. (英国，空军俚语) 损坏的飞机；飞机残骸
3. (英国，原为空军俚语) 没能完成训练任务的飞行员
(医学)
1. 将药物完全排出的时间
2. (亦生物学) 冲洗；冲洗液；冲洗出的物体
  a bladder washout
  膀胱冲洗
(气象学) 冲洗，冲刷
(矿业) 矿物被冲刷走的地方

其他形式

wash-out

衍生词汇

washout plug (锅炉的)

参考资料

↑ “wash-out, n.”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，September 2023年
↑ “washout, n.”，Dictionary.com Unabridged，Dictionary.com, LLC，1995–present, reproduced from Stuart Berg Flexner, editor in chief, Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1993, ISBN 978-0-679-42441-3

延伸阅读

washout (disambiguation)在英语维基百科上的资料。维基百科 ^en

异序词

outwash

[1] “wash-out, n.”，OED Online ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，September 2023年

[2] “washout, n.”，Dictionary.com Unabridged，Dictionary.com, LLC，1995–present, reproduced from Stuart Berg Flexner, editor in chief, Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1993, ISBN 978-0-679-42441-3

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