garden path sentence

参见：garden-path sentence

英语

替代写法

• garden path
• garden-path sentence

词源

来自俗语lead someone up (or down) the garden path，因为读者对该句子形成了一种解释，这种解释直到接近句子结尾时才是合理的，这时读者意识到他们的解释不可能是正确的（他们被带入了一条花园小路），他们必须尝试另一种解释。

发音

• (标准英音) 国际音标^(帮助)：/ˈɡɑː(ɹ)dən pɑːθ ˈsɛntəns/
• (通用美式) 国际音标^(帮助)：/ˈɡɑːɹdən pæθ ˈsɛntəns/

• 音频 (澳洲)

  （文档）

• 断字：gar‧den path sen‧tence

名词

例
The horse raced past the barn fell. After Marie ate the cake turned out to be stale. The government plans to raise taxes were defeated.

garden path sentence (复数 garden path sentences)

1. (语言学) 园径句型
   • 1995, Reiko Mazuka, Kenji Itoh, “Can Japanese Speakers be Led down the Garden Path?”, 出自 Japanese Sentence Processing, Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, →ISBN，页号s 295–296:

     Whether a particular construction causes a garden-path effect depends on the specific grammar of the language. For example, the famous example of an English garden-path sentence in (1) ["The horse raced past the barn fell"] would not exist if the past tense form of the verb race were not identical to the reduced relative form, the former of which is the preferred reading for this sentence.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2005, Michael W[illiam] Eysenck, Mark T. Keane, “Language Comprehension”, 出自 Cognitive Psychology: A Student's Handbook, 5th版, Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press, →ISBN，页号 362, column 1:

     One of the functions of punctuation is to reduce any ambiguity, and readers are less confused by garden-path sentences that are punctuated than by those that are not […].

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2008, David W. Carroll, “Sentence Comprehension and Memory”, 出自 Psychology of Language, 5th版, Belmont, Calif.: Thomson Wadsworth, →ISBN，页号 134:

     [I]n a garden path sentence, we interpret a sentence in a particular way only to find out near the end that we misinterpreted it. The subjective impression is that of being led down a garden path until discovering at the end that we took the wrong way and have to retrace our steps.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2013, Montserrat Sanz, Itziar Laka, Michael K. Tanenhaus, “Sentence Comprehension before and after 1970: Topics, Debates, and Techniques”, 出自 Language Down the Garden Path: The Cognitive and Biological Basis for Linguistic Structures (Oxford Studies in Biolinguistics), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN，页号 85:

     A garden path sentence contains a temporary ambiguity […]. It becomes clear that something has gone wrong when the comprehender receives input that is incompatible with the past-tense analysis of the ambiguous form […]. The parser then must abandon its initial parse and attempt to reanalyze the input.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

来源

• garden path sentence在英语维基百科上的资料。维基百科 ^en