aggravate
英语[编辑]
词源[编辑]
源自拉丁语 aggravatus，aggravare (“给……增重，使变差，使烦恼”)的过去分词，源自ad (“到”) + gravare (“使变重”)，源自gravis (“重的”)。参见grave，对比aggrieve、aggrege。
发音[编辑]
动词[编辑]
aggravate (第三人称单数简单现在时 aggravates，现在分词 aggravating，一般过去时及过去分词 aggravated)
- 使冒犯性增加 （自16世纪）
- 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版于 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]，页号 23，列号 2:
- Once more, the more to aggrauate the note,
With a foule Traitors name ſtuffe I thy throte,
And wiſh (ſo pleaſe my Soueraigne) ere I moue,
What my tong ſpeaks, my right drawn ſword may proue- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1709 Joseph Addison, The Tatler
- The defense made by the prisoner's counsel did rather aggravate than extenuate his crime.
- (引申) 使恶化，使变差 （自16世纪）
- 1726, Homer, [William Broome], transl., “Book XVI”, 出自 The Odyssey of Homer. […], 卷 IV, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:
- to aggravate my woes.
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1837, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
- […] to aggravate the horrors of the scene
- (现在罕用) 使程度/重量增加 （自16世纪）
- He aggravated the story.
- 他把事情夸大了。
- (弃用) 使某人负担加重 （16–18世纪）
- 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, Oxford 2009, p. 28:
- In order to lighten the crown still further, they aggravated responsibility on ministers of state.
- 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, Oxford 2009, p. 28:
- (现在基本用于口语) 激怒 （自16世纪）
- 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa:
- If both were to aggravate her parents, as my brother and sister do mine.
- 1977, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace, New York Review Books 2006, p. 85:
- Ben Bella was aggravated by having to express himself in French because the Egyptians were unable to understand his Arabic.
- 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa:
近义词[编辑]
- (使变差)： heighten, intensify, increase, magnify, exaggerate, exacerbate
- (激怒)： provoke, irritate, exasperate
反义词[编辑]
相关词汇[编辑]
拓展阅读[编辑]
- “aggravate”, Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, OCLC 800618302
- “aggravate”, The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, OCLC 867766587
意大利语[编辑]
动词[编辑]
aggravate
拉丁语[编辑]
动词[编辑]
aggravāte