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switchback

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典

英語

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詞源

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The Zig Zag Railway near Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia, c. 1900, now operated as a heritage railway. It was built as a switchback (noun sense 1.1) with three lines—called the Top Road, Middle Road, and Bottom Road—to climb the western flank of the Blue Mountains.
澳大利亚新南威尔士利斯戈附近的“之字形铁路”,约1900年建成,目前作为一条历史遗产铁路运营。它以之字形排列的轨道(名词义项 1.1)建造,有三条线路蓝山西侧行驶,分别称为顶路、中路和底路。
A switchback (noun sense 2.3) on the Terrace Trail, a forest trail in Newcastle, Washington, U.S.A.
美国华盛顿州纽卡斯尔的森林小道 Terrace Trail 上的发夹弯(名词义项 2.3)
Switchbacks (noun sense 2.3) on the Route du Col de Braus, a mountain pass in the Alps in the department of Alpes-Maritimes, France.
法国滨海阿尔卑斯省阿尔卑斯山脉布劳斯山口上的发夹弯(名词义项 2.3)

該名詞由switch (使用轉轍器將列車從一條鐵路轉到另一條鐵路動詞) +‎ back (逆轉方向返回副詞)衍生而來。[1][2]

動詞源自於名詞。[1]

發音

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名詞

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switchback (複數 switchbacks) (常作定語比喻義)

  1. (鐵路運輸)
    1. 在陡峭斜坡上呈之字形排列鐵路軌道(自19世紀中後期)
    2. 鐵路軌道上有陡峭的上坡下坡,列車部分或完全靠重力移動,利用下坡時產生的動量沿軌道的上坡部分上行;尤指(英國過時) 雲霄飛車過山車
      • 1964 March,「News and comment: Which way to the west?」,收錄於 Modern Railways,Shepperton, Surrey:Ian Allan Publishing147頁:
        The WR faction claims that the Westbury route is better adapted to high speed, to which advocates of the SR route are apt to retort that the effect of modern diesel traction on schedules over the Salisbury–Exeter switchback has yet to be measured (the speed potential between Waterloo and Salisbury is scarcely disputable) []
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
  2. (延伸)
    1. (航空) 由一系列陡峭的上升下降構成的飛行路徑,通常作為特技飛行
    2. (主要用於英國) 急轉彎道路鐵道
      • 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 151:
        The switchback road to Diabaig - pronounced 'Jer-vague' - passes through some of the most exhilarating scenery in Scotland. [] With a final swoop, the road plummets down into Diabaig, where cottages are dotted across the slopes of a rocky semi-circle.
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    3. (主要用於加拿大美國道路運輸) 馬蹄彎髮夾彎
      同類詞:horseshoe curve

衍生詞

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參見

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動詞

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switchback (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 switchbacks,現在分詞 switchbacking,簡單過去時和過去分詞 switchbacked)

  1. (不及物) 蜿蜒而行
    近義詞:zigzag
    • 2015 June 25, John Henderson, “A secret range of stunning mountains? Hikers, meet Slovakia’s High Tatras”, in Los Angeles Times[2], Los Angeles, Calif.: Los Angeles Times Communications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 6 8月 2021:
      I climbed 6,683-foot Velka Svistovka, not the highest mountain in the Tatras but arguably the one with the best view. I started from Zelene pleso chata (pleso means "lake" and chata means "hut" in Slovak), and right after turning the first corner I started switchbacking.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯

衍生詞

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來源

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  1. 1.0 1.1 switchback, adj. and n.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022.
  2. switchback, n.」,收錄於 Dictionary.com UnabridgedDictionary.com, LLC,1995–present,「reproduced from Stuart Berg Flexner, editor in chief, Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1993, ISBN 978-0-679-42441-3」。

延伸閱讀

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