reactionary

英语

词源

源自法語 réactionnaire。在法国大革命时期用于指代反对革命的人，亦即赞成对革命有reaction (“反应”)的人。

发音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助): /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/

• 音頻 (南英格蘭)：

  (檔案)

• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): /ɹiˈæk.ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/、/ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/、/ɹiˈæk.ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/、/ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/
• 斷字：re‧ac‧tion‧ary

形容词

reactionary (比較級 more reactionary，最高級 most reactionary)

1. (政治) 反动的

   近義詞：antiprogressive、regressive

   反義詞：progressive、nonreactionary

   • 2011年9月29日，Corey Robin，The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Sarah Palin，New York：Oxford University Press，→ISBN，→OL，第 25 頁：

     There's a fairly simple reason for the embrace of radicalism on the right, and it has to do with the reactionary imperative that lies at the core of conservative doctrine. […] If he is to preserve what he values, the conservative must declare war against the culture as it is.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2019年8月7日，Marissa Brostoff，Noah Kulwin，“The Right Kind of Continuity”，Jewish Currents‎^[2]：

     [Jeffrey] Epstein was interested in transhumanism, a theory of human perfection via technological manipulation that—like its predecessor, eugenics—is shot through with racist and reactionary ideas.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. (化學) （关于、参与或引起）化学反应的
   • 2013，Brandon Smith，Are Individuals The Property Of The Collective?‎^[3]：

     Psychiatry extends the theory into biology in the belief that all human behavior is nothing more than a series of reactionary chemical processes in the brain that determine pre-coded genetic responses built up from the conditioning of one’s environment.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

3. 结果的，造成的
   • 2020年12月16日，“Network News: ORR praises Network Rail's response to pandemic”，Rail，第 13 頁：

     The regulator noted that reduced service levels and passenger numbers helped deliver strong performance, with fewer reactionary delays.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

衍生词汇

• neo-reactionary
• reactionaryism

名词

reactionary (複數 reactionaries)

1. (政治) 反动派，反动分子
   • 1921，Valentine Chirol，India, Old and New‎^[4]：

     Hindu reactionaries, whose conception of a well-ordered society had not moved beyond the laws of Manu, fell into line for the moment with the intellectual products of the modern Indian University.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2017April，Andrew Sullivan，“The Reactionary Temptation”，New York [Magazine]‎^[5]：

     It is not simply a conservative preference for things as they are, with a few nudges back, but a passionate loathing of the status quo and a desire to return to the past in one emotionally cathartic revolt. If conservatives are pessimistic, reactionaries are apocalyptic.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

近义词

• antiprogressive

反义词

• progressive

衍生词汇

• neo-reactionary

延伸阅读

• "reactionary" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 256.
• “reactionary”在《Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary》上的資料。
• “reactionary”in the《Cambridge English Dictionary》in the，Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。
• reactionary在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 ^en

异序词

• creationary