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lume

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典
參見:lumë

阿羅馬尼亞語

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其他寫法

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詞源

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源自拉丁語 lūmen(比喻義“生命之光”)。對比羅馬尼亞語 lume

名詞

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lume

  1. 世界
  2. 人民
  3. 人類

相關詞彙

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參見

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愛沙尼亞語

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名詞

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lume

  1. lumi屬格單數

芬蘭語

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詞源

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lumo +‎ -e

發音

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名詞

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lume

  1. 幻覺錯覺

變格

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lume屈折 (Kotus 類型 48/hame,無元音變換)
主格 lume lumeet
屬格 lumeen lumeiden
lumeitten
部分格 lumetta lumeita
入格 lumeeseen lumeisiin
lumeihin
單數 複數
主格 lume lumeet
賓格 lume lumeet
lumeen
屬格 lumeen lumeiden
lumeitten
部分格 lumetta lumeita
內格 lumeessa lumeissa
出格 lumeesta lumeista
入格 lumeeseen lumeisiin
lumeihin
接格 lumeella lumeilla
離格 lumeelta lumeilta
向格 lumeelle lumeille
樣格 lumeena lumeina
轉移格 lumeeksi lumeiksi
欠格 lumeetta lumeitta
手段格 lumein
共格 請參閱下方的所有格形式。
lume所有格形式 (Kotus 類型 48/hame,無元音變換)
第一人稱單數所有者
單數 複數
主格 lumeeni lumeeni
賓格 lumeeni lumeeni
lumeeni
屬格 lumeeni lumeideni
lumeitteni
部分格 lumettani lumeitani
內格 lumeessani lumeissani
出格 lumeestani lumeistani
入格 lumeeseeni lumeisiini
lumeihini
接格 lumeellani lumeillani
離格 lumeeltani lumeiltani
向格 lumeelleni lumeilleni
樣格 lumeenani lumeinani
轉移格 lumeekseni lumeikseni
欠格 lumeettani lumeittani
手段格
共格 lumeineni
第二人稱單數所有者
單數 複數
主格 lumeesi lumeesi
賓格 lumeesi lumeesi
lumeesi
屬格 lumeesi lumeidesi
lumeittesi
部分格 lumettasi lumeitasi
內格 lumeessasi lumeissasi
出格 lumeestasi lumeistasi
入格 lumeeseesi lumeisiisi
lumeihisi
接格 lumeellasi lumeillasi
離格 lumeeltasi lumeiltasi
向格 lumeellesi lumeillesi
樣格 lumeenasi lumeinasi
轉移格 lumeeksesi lumeiksesi
欠格 lumeettasi lumeittasi
手段格
共格 lumeinesi
第一人稱複數所有者
單數 複數
主格 lumeemme lumeemme
賓格 lumeemme lumeemme
lumeemme
屬格 lumeemme lumeidemme
lumeittemme
部分格 lumettamme lumeitamme
內格 lumeessamme lumeissamme
出格 lumeestamme lumeistamme
入格 lumeeseemme lumeisiimme
lumeihimme
接格 lumeellamme lumeillamme
離格 lumeeltamme lumeiltamme
向格 lumeellemme lumeillemme
樣格 lumeenamme lumeinamme
轉移格 lumeeksemme lumeiksemme
欠格 lumeettamme lumeittamme
手段格
共格 lumeinemme
第二人稱複數所有者
單數 複數
主格 lumeenne lumeenne
賓格 lumeenne lumeenne
lumeenne
屬格 lumeenne lumeidenne
lumeittenne
部分格 lumettanne lumeitanne
內格 lumeessanne lumeissanne
出格 lumeestanne lumeistanne
入格 lumeeseenne lumeisiinne
lumeihinne
接格 lumeellanne lumeillanne
離格 lumeeltanne lumeiltanne
向格 lumeellenne lumeillenne
樣格 lumeenanne lumeinanne
轉移格 lumeeksenne lumeiksenne
欠格 lumeettanne lumeittanne
手段格
共格 lumeinenne
第三人稱所有者
單數 複數
主格 lumeensa lumeensa
賓格 lumeensa lumeensa
lumeensa
屬格 lumeensa lumeidensa
lumeittensa
部分格 lumettaan
lumettansa
lumeitaan
lumeitansa
內格 lumeessaan
lumeessansa
lumeissaan
lumeissansa
出格 lumeestaan
lumeestansa
lumeistaan
lumeistansa
入格 lumeeseensa lumeisiinsa
lumeihinsa
接格 lumeellaan
lumeellansa
lumeillaan
lumeillansa
離格 lumeeltaan
lumeeltansa
lumeiltaan
lumeiltansa
向格 lumeelleen
lumeellensa
lumeilleen
lumeillensa
樣格 lumeenaan
lumeenansa
lumeinaan
lumeinansa
轉移格 lumeekseen
lumeeksensa
lumeikseen
lumeiksensa
欠格 lumeettaan
lumeettansa
lumeittaan
lumeittansa
手段格
共格 lumeineen
lumeinensa

複合詞

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異序詞

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加利西亞語

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lume
prohibido facer lume

詞源

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最早見於13世紀,源自古加利西亞語、古葡萄牙語 lume,源自拉丁語 lūmen。與葡萄牙語 lume, 阿斯圖里亞斯語 llume, 西班牙語 lumbre同源。

發音

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名詞

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lume m (複數 lumes)

  1. 近義詞:fogo
    • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana. A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 689:
      ca despois que anoyteçeu tornou outrosí escuro speso a sobreguisa, et nõ fazía luar nẽ lume, pouco nẽ mais.
      because after nightfall it became dark, and this darkness was exceedingly thick, and it was neither moonlight nor light, no less or more
  2. 林火
    • 1990, Xaquín Fernández Leiceaga, Economia (politica) do monte galego, page 103:
      A hipótese básica é que os lumes, por máis que sexan intencionados, non obedecen a unha lóxica económica de potencia irregular de ano en ano, senón a causas continuamente presentes
      The basic hypothesis is that forest fires, even being caused intentionally, don't follow year after year an economic logic of irregular potential, but instead causes that are continuously present

派生詞

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參考資料

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  • lume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
  • lume” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
  • lume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
  • "lume" in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • lume” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

意大利語

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詞源

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源自拉丁語 lūmen ← 原始印歐語 *léwksmn̥,派生自詞根*lewk- (明亮)。“內腔”是現代新起義。參見借詞lumen

發音

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名詞

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lume m (複數 lumi)

  1. 光源
    • 1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto XXII,頁號 336,行號s 67–69:
      Facesti come quei che va di notte, ¶ che porta il lume dietro e sé non giova, ¶ ma dopo sé fa le persone dotte, []
      Thou didst as he who walketh in the night, ¶ who bears his light behind, which helps him not, ¶ but wary makes the persons after him, []
    • 1353, Giovanni Boccaccio, “Seconda giornata, Novella VII [Second Day, 7th Story]”, 出自 Decamerone [Decameron]‎[1], Tommaso Hedlin, 出版於 1527頁號 50:
      Pericone non diede indugio a ſeguitarla, ma ſpento ogni lume preſtamente da laltra parte le ſi coricò al lato []
      Pericone was not slow to follow her, but, putting out every light, promptly hid himself beside her []
    1. 〉 非電力的光源(如蠟燭、煤油燈)
      • 1840, Alessandro Manzoni, 章號 XXXIII, 出自 I promessi sposi[2], Tip. Guglielmini e Redaelli,頁號 626:
        [] C’era una vernaccia!... Ma, con una buona dormita, tutto se ne va. Ho un gran sonno... Levami un po’ quel lume dinanzi, che m’accieca... mi dà una noia...!”
        [] The wine was so fine!... With a good sleep all will be well again. I am overcome by sleep... Get that lamp away from before me, it's blinding me... it troubles me so...!”
    2. 〉 電力光源
  2. 〉〈
    • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Paradiso [The Divine Comedy: Paradise] (paperback), Le Monnier, 出版於 2002, Canto II,頁號 39,行號s 64–66:
      La spera ottava vi dimostra molti ¶ lumi, li quali e nel quale e nel quanto ¶ notar si posson di diversi volti.
      Lights many the eighth sphere displays to you ¶ which in their quality and quantity ¶ may noted be of aspects different.
    • 1374, Francesco Petrarca, “Tacer non posso, et temo non adopre [I can’t be silent, yet I fear to use]”, 出自 Il Canzoniere[3], Florence: Andrea Bettini, 出版於 1858頁號 349:
      Fra tanti amici lumi, ¶ una nube lontana mi dispiacque; ¶ la qual temo che 'n pianto si risolve, []
      Among so many friendly stars, ¶ one distant cloud displeased me: ¶ which I fear will melt away in tears
    • 近義詞:stellaastro
    1. 〉〈上帝
      • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto XIII,頁號 195,行號s 85–87:
        Volsimi a loro e: «O gente sicura», ¶ incominciai, «di veder l'alto lume ¶ che 'l disio vostro solo ha in cura [] »
        To them I turned me, and, "O people, certain," ¶ began I, "of beholding the high light, ¶ which your desire has solely in its care, []
    2. 〉〈〉〈神聖靈魂或實體
      • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Paradiso [The Divine Comedy: Paradise] (paperback), Le Monnier, 出版於 2002, Canto X,頁號 179,行號s 71–73:
        si trovan molte gioie care e belle ¶ tanto che non si posson trar del regno; ¶ e 'l canto di quei lumi era di quelle;
        Are many jewels found, so fair and precious ¶ they cannot be transported from the realm; ¶ and of them was the singing of those lights;
    3. 〉〈〉〈〉〈〉 受尊敬的人
      • 16世紀, Annibale Caro, transl., Eneide [Aeneid]‎[4], Florence: Leonardo Ciardetti, translationVirgil所著的Aeneis, 出版於 1827, Libro I,頁號 102:
        Cadde Riféo, ch'era ne' Teucri un lume ¶ di bontà, di giustizia e d'equitate
        Ripheus fell, who was a light among the Teucrians ¶ for goodness, justice and equity
      • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Inferno [The Divine Comedy: Hell], 12th版 (paperback), Le Monnier, 出版於 1994, Canto I,頁號 13,行號s 82–84:
        «O de li altri poeti onore e lume, ¶ vagliami 'l lungo studio e 'l grande amore ¶ che m'ha fatto cercar lo tuo volume.»
        "O, of the other poets honour and light, ¶ avail me the long study and great love ¶ that have impelled me to explore thy volume!
      • c. 1527, Francesco Berni, Orlando Innamorato [Orlando in Love]‎[5], Milano: Società Tipografica de' Classici Italiani, 出版於 1828, Canto XIII,頁號 37:
        A que' tre che tu, Fiorenza, onori ¶ eterni lumi della lingua nostra, []
        To those three that you, Florence, honour, ¶ eternal lights of our own language []
  3. ,尤指:
    1. 〉〈自然光
      • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto I,頁號 10,行號s 37–39:
        Li raggi delle quattro luci sante ¶ fregiavan sì la sua faccia di lume ¶ ch'i' 'l vedea come 'l sol fosse davante.
        The rays of the four consecrated stars ¶ did so adorn his countenance with light, ¶ that him I saw as were the sun before him.
      • 1909, Giovanni Pascoli, “La capinera [The Blackcap]”, 出自 Nuovi poemetti[6], 4th版, Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli, 出版於 1918頁號 29,行號s 7–9:
        Il cinguettìo, così tra lume e scuro, ¶ cessò d’un tratto. Era comparso il sole. ¶ Sparì ciascuno nel bel giorno puro.
        The chirping, between light and darkness ¶ ceased suddenly. The Sun had risen. ¶ They all disappeared into the pure day.
      • 近義詞:luce
    2. 〉 (人造的,非電力的)
  4. (繪畫) 光投射到圖畫上的方式
  5. 視力
    • 1516, Ludovico Ariosto, Orlando Furioso [Raging Roland]‎[7], Venice: Printed by Gabriel Giolito, 出版於 1551, Canto XLIII,頁號 205:
      e facea alcun effetto ſopr'humano; ¶ dar lume a ciechi, e tornar morti a vita; ¶ fermare il uento ad un ſegno di croce ¶ e far tranquillo il mar, quand'è piu atroce.
      [a hermit] who had done superhuman deeds; ¶ regiving sight to the blind, and restoring the dead to life; ¶ hushing the winds with a sign of the cross ¶ and pacifying the sea when at its scariest.
    • 近義詞:vista
    1. 雙眼
      • 1374, Francesco Petrarca, “I' vidi in terra angelici costumi [I saw angelic virtue on earth]”, 出自 Il Canzoniere[8], Florence: Andrea Bettini, 出版於 1858頁號 157,行號s 5–8:
        E vidi lagrimar que' duo bei lumi, ¶ c'han fatto mille volte invidia al Sole; ¶ ed udii sospirando dir parole ¶ che farian gir i monti e stare i fiumi.
        And I saw two lovely eyes that wept, ¶ that made the sun a thousand times jealous; ¶ and I heard words emerge among sighs ¶ that made the mountains move, and halted rivers.
      • 1581, Torquato Tasso, Gerusalemme liberata [Jerusalem Delivered]‎[9], Erasmo Viotti, Canto LX,頁號 372:
        e cadde tramortita: e ſi diffuſe ¶ di gelato ſudore: e i lumi chiuſe.
        and she fell to the ground, stunned, getting covered ¶ with freezing sweat, and closed her eyes.
      • 1835, Giacomo Leopardi, “I. All'Italia [To Italy]”, 出自 Canti[10], Bari: Einaudi, 出版於 1917頁號 7,行號s 134–136:
        Ché, se il fato è diverso, e non consente ¶ ch’io per la Grecia i moribondi lumi ¶ chiuda prostrato in guerra, []
        If fate’s opposed, and will not consent that I fall in war, and close my dying eyes, for Greece, []
      • 近義詞:occhi
  6. 啟蒙啟迪
    • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto VI,頁號 86,行號s 43–45:
      Veramente a così alto sospetto ¶ non ti fermar, se quella non ti dice ¶ che lume fia tra 'l vero e lo 'ntelletto.
      Verily, in so deep a questioning ¶ do not decide, unless she tell it thee, ¶ who light 'twixt truth and intellect shall be.
    1. 〉 基於理性建立起來的文化
      • 1764, Cesare Beccaria, “V. Oscurità delle leggi [Of the Obscurity of Laws]”, 出自 Dei delitti e delle pene [On Crimes and Punishments]‎[11], Paris: Dal Molini, 出版於 1780頁號 21:
        Da ciò veggiamo quanto sia utile la stampa, che rende il pubblico, e non alcuni pochi, depositario delle sante leggi, e quanto abbia dissipato quello spirito tenebroso di cabala e d’intrigo, che sparisce in faccia ai lumi ed alle scienze []
        Hence we see the use of printing, which makes the public, and not a few individuals, the guardians of the sacred laws, and how it has dissipated the gloomy spirit of cabal and intrigue, which disappears in the face of enlightenment and sciences []
  7. (多用複數) 建議,有用的信息
    • 1881, Giovanni Verga, I Malavoglia[12], Fratelli Treves, 出版於 1907, Chapter VII,頁號 113:
      La seduta fu sciolta senza concludere nulla. Il segretario voleva un po’ di tempo per prender lume;
      The meeting was closed without deciding upon anything. The clerk wanted time to get up his subject.
    • 近義詞:chiarimentoconsiglio
    1. 洞察力
      • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto XVI,頁號 237,行號s 73–75:
        Lo cielo i vostri movimenti inizia; ¶ non dico tutti, ma, posto ch'i' 'l dica, ¶ lume v'è dato a bene e a malizia
        The heavens your movements do initiate, ¶ I say not all; but granting that I say it, ¶ light has been given you for good and evil
      • 近義詞:discernimento
  8. 內腔
  9. (捕魚) 網眼大小

派生詞

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異序詞

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中古英語

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名詞

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lume

  1. lome的另一種寫法

葡萄牙語

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詞源

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源自古葡萄牙語 lume ← 拉丁語 lūmen ← 原始印歐語 *léwksmn̥ ← *lewk-。與加利西亞語 lume, 西班牙語 lumbre, 加泰羅尼亞語 llum, 奧克語 lum, 法語 lume, 意大利語 lume, 羅馬尼亞語 lume同源。“內腔”是現代新起義。參見借詞lúmen

發音

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名詞

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lume m (複數 lumes)

  1. 內腔

近義詞

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羅馬尼亞語

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詞源

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源自拉丁語 lūmen ()(比喻義“生命之光”),源自原始印歐語 *léwksmn̥,派生自詞根*lewk- (明亮)。對比教會斯拉夫語 свѣтъ (světŭ, 光;世界)匈牙利語 világ,原義為“光”。參見lumen

發音

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名詞

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lume f (複數 lumi)

  1. 世界
  2. 人民
  3. 人類
  4. 〉〈

變格

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近義詞

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參見

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拓展閱讀

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