endemic

參見：endèmic

英语

其他形式

• endemick (弃用)

词源

源自古希臘語 ἐν (en, “...里”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “人民”)。可能经由ἔνδημος (éndēmos, “自己民族间的，家里的，本土的”)和/或法語 endémique。

发音

• (標準英音、美國) IPA^(幫助)：/ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk/, (less common) /ɪnˈdɛm.ɪk/

• （美国）音频

  （文檔）

• （澳洲）音频

  （文檔）

• 韻部：-ɛmɪk

形容词

endemic (無比較級)

1. （某地、某民族）特有的

   The endemic religion of Easter Island arrived with the Polynesian settlers.

   复活节岛特有的宗教是波利西亚移民带来的。

   Kangaroos are endemic to Australia.

   袋鼠是澳大利亚特有的动物。

2. (尤指疾病) 地方性的，（某地）特有的

   Malaria is endemic to the tropics.

   疟疾是热带地区的地方性疾病。

   • 1998, Gillian Catriona Ramchand, Deconstructing the Lexicon, in Miriam Butt and Wilhelm Geuder, eds. “The Projection of Arguments”

     These problems are endemic to the theory of thematic roles as currently conceived, because the classification it implies simply does not correspond to legitimate linguistic semantic definitions.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2017 July 26，Lindsay Murdoch，“Yingluck Shinawatra, Thailand's first female PM, faces financial ruin and jail”，出自 The Sydney Morning Herald;‎^[1]:

     In a country where corruption is endemic, no evidence has been presented that Ms Yingluck took any money from the rice scheme, which in 2012 and 2013 cost Thailand billions of dollars. But a state-appointed committee last year ordered her to pay the fine, finding she was to blame, even though it was government policy.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

用法说明

endemic疾病是仅出现于某地区的疾病，且可能出现频率较低，而epidemic疾病则是流行性疾病，范围广，出现频率高。而sporadic疾病则是偶尔以低频率出现的疾病。

近义词

• (本土)： native
• (地区特有)： indigenous

反义词

• (本土)： alien、introduced
• (地方性)： systemic

衍生词汇

• endemical
• endemically
• endemicity
• holoendemic
• hyperendemic
• hypoendemic
• mesoendemic
• microendemic
• nonendemic
• paleoendemic
• subendemic

 

相关词汇

• ecdemic
• endemism
• epidemic
• pandemic

名词

endemic (複數 endemics)

1. 某地区特有的人或物种
   • 2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society 2011, p. 34:

     The species that appeared as a consequence were endemics; that is, they were found nowhere else in the world.

2. 地方性疾病

参考资料

• Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “endemic”, 《在线词源词典》（Online Etymology Dictionary）

罗马尼亚语

词源

源自法語 endémique

形容词

endemic m 或 n (陰性單數 endemică，陽性複數 endemici，陰性和中性複數 endemice)

1. 地方性的，地区特有的

变格

endemic的變格

		單數			複數
		陽性	中性	陰性	陽性	中性	陰性
主格/ 賓格	不定	endemic		endemică	endemici	endemice
	定	endemicul		endemica	endemicii	endemicele
屬格/ 與格	不定	endemic		endemice	endemici	endemice
	定	endemicului		endemicei	endemicilor	endemicelor

相关词汇

• endemicitate