ܩܫܝܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܩ ܫ ܫ (q š š)
2 terms

Etymology

From Aramaic קַשִׁישָׁא (qašīšā); compare Hebrew קָשִׁישׁ (kashísh), קְשִׁישָׁא (kshísha) and Arabic قِسِّيس (qissīs, “priest”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [qa.ʃiːʃɑː]

Adjective

ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܐ • (qašīšā) (feminine ܩܲܫܝܼܫܬܵܐ (qašīštā), plural ܩܲܫܝܼܫܹ̈ܐ (qašīšē))

1. old, elderly, aged

   Synonym: ܣܵܒ݂ܵܐ (sāḇā)

Usage notes

• This adjective refers only to human beings, animals, and plants. For inanimate objects, the adjective ܥܲܬܝܼܩܵܐ (ˁatīqā, “old, longstanding”) is used.
• This adjective means “old” specifically in the sense of “elderly”
  • English old as in former or previous would usually be translated to Assyrian with the adjective ܩܲܕܝܼܡܵܐ (qadīmā, “old, previous”).
  • English old as in “old enough to drive a car” would usually be translated to Assyrian with the adjective ܫܲܠܡܵܐ (šalmā, “completed, adult”) or ܡܸܛܝܵܐ (miṭyā, “arrived, adult”)
  • English old as in “he’s older than she is” would usually be translated to Assyrian as ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܓܘܼܪܵܐ ܒܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ (yatīr gurā b-šinnē, “older, bigger in years”)
  • English old as in “forty years old” would usually be translated to Assyrian with either the noun's masculine construct form ܒܲܪ (bar, “old, son”) or the feminine ܒܲܪ݇ܬ (bat, “old, daughter of”).

Noun

ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܐ • (qašīšā) m (plural ܩܲܫܝܼܫܹ̈ܐ (qašīšē), feminine ܩܲܫܝܼܫܬܵܐ (qašīštā))

1. old man, elderly man

   Synonym: ܣܵܒ݂ܵܐ (sāḇā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܐ (qašīšā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܝܼ (qašīšī)		ܩܲܫܝܼܫܲܢ (qašīšan)
	construct	ܩܲܫܝܼܫ (qašīš)	2nd person	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܘܼܟ݂ (qašīšūḵ)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܟ݂ܝ (qašīšāḵ)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (qašīšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܐ (qašīšā)	3rd person	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܹܗ (qašīšēh)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܗ̇ (qašīšāh)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܗܘܿܢ (qašīšhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܝܼ̈ (qašīšī)		ܩܲܫܝܼܫܲܢ̈ (qašīšan)
	construct	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܲܝ̈ (qašīšay)	2nd person	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (qašīšūḵ)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (qašīšāḵ)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (qašīšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܹ̈ܐ (qašīšē)	3rd person	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ (qašīšūh)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (qašīšōh)	ܩܲܫܝܼܫܗ̈ܘܿܢ (qašīšhōn)

See also

• ܩܵܫܵܐ (qāšā, “priest, pastor, presbyter”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܩ-ܫ-ܫ (q-š-š) related to growing old. Compare Hebrew קָשִׁישׁ (qāšī́š).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [qaʃʃiʃɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [qaʃʃiʃe] (plural)

Noun

ܩܫܝܫܐ • (qaššīšā) m (plural ܩܫܝܫܐ (qaššīšē), singular feminine counterpart ܩܫܝܫܬܐ (qaššīštā))

1. ancient, ancestor, forefather
2. elder, grandfather
3. (Christianity) priest, pastor, presbyter
4. chief or presider of a banquet; host

Declension

    inflection of ܩܫܝܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܩܫܝܫ	ܩܫܝܫܝܢ
construct	ܩܫܝܫ	ܩܫܝܫܝ
emphatic	ܩܫܝܫܐ	ܩܫܝܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܩܫܝܫܝ	ܩܫܝܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܩܫܝܫܟ	ܩܫܝܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܩܫܝܫܟܝ	ܩܫܝܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܩܫܝܫܗ	ܩܫܝܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܩܫܝܫܗ	ܩܫܝܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܩܫܝܫܢ	ܩܫܝܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܩܫܝܫܟܘܢ	ܩܫܝܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܩܫܝܫܟܝܢ	ܩܫܝܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܩܫܝܫܗܘܢ	ܩܫܝܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܩܫܝܫܗܝܢ	ܩܫܝܫܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Arabic: قِسِّيس m (qissīs)
• → Persian: کشیش (kašiš)

References

• “qšyš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 332b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 522b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1419b