athirst
外观
英語
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]繼承自繼承自中古英語 athirst,繼承自繼承自古英語 ofþyrst,ofþyrstan (“因口渴而痛苦”) 的過去分詞。等價於 a- (詞源8) + thirst (動詞)。
發音
[编辑]形容詞
[编辑]athirst (比較級 more athirst,最高級 most athirst)
- (古舊) 口渴的
- 1611,The Holy Bible, […](King James Version),London: […] Robert Barker, […],→OCLC,「Revelation 21:6」:
- I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely.
- 我要將生命泉的水白白賜給那口渴的人喝。
- 1849,Currer Bell [筆名; Charlotte Brontë],Shirley. A Tale. […],第I卷,London:Smith, Elder and Co., […],→OCLC,264頁:
- To this extenuated spectre, perhaps, a crumb is not thrown once a year; but when ahungered and athirst to famine—when all humanity has forgotten the dying tenant of a decaying house—Divine Mercy remembers the mourner, […]
- 對於這個消瘦的幽靈,或許一年也得不到一點碎屑;但當他飢腸轆轆、渴至極點時——當全人類都忘記了這棟破屋中垂死的房客時——神聖的慈悲仍會記得這位哀悼者, […]
- Template:RQ:Melville Moby-Dick
- (比喻義) 渴望的,渴求的(常接 for)。
- 1817,John Keats,Sonnet (Written on a blank space at the end of Chaucer’s tale of ‘The Floure And The Leafe’[1]:
- I, that forever feel athirst for glory,
Could at this moment be content to lie
Meekly upon the grass, as those whose sobbings
Were heard of none beside the mournful robins.- 我,永遠感到對榮耀的渴望,
此刻卻甘心躺臥在
草地上,像那些嗚咽聲
除了憂傷的知更鳥外無人聽見的人一樣。
- 我,永遠感到對榮耀的渴望,
- 1878,Algernon Charles Swinburne,「Ave Atque Vale (In Memory of Charles Baudelaire)」,收錄於 Poems and Ballads, Second Series[2],「Stanza IV」:
- O sleepless heart and sombre soul unsleeping,
That were athirst for sleep and no more life
And no more love, for peace and no more strife!- 喔,失眠的心與不眠的憂鬱靈魂,
那是對睡眠的渴求,不再留戀生命,
不再留戀愛,只求和平,不再有鬥爭!
- 喔,失眠的心與不眠的憂鬱靈魂,
- 1913, Rabindranath Tagore, The Gardener, translated from the Bengali by the author, 5,[3]
- I am restless. I am athirst for far-away things.
My soul goes out in a longing to touch the skirt of the dim distance.- 我坐立難安。我渴望著遠方的物事。我的靈魂在渴望中飄向遠方,想要觸碰那朦朧地平線的裙襬。
派生詞彙
[编辑]異序詞
[编辑]中古英語
[编辑]外語每日一詞 – 2026年4月23日
其他形式
[编辑]- athurst, a-thurst, aþirst, aþriste, aþurst, a þurst, a-þurst, a-þurste
- hofþurst, ofþerst, of þurch, ofþurst, of-þurst (早期)
- aferst, a-ferst, afurst, a-furst (帶 /f/)
- a-þrest, aþreste, a-þrust (赫里福德); a-thriste, a thryst, a-thryste (尤指,東安格利亞,東撒克遜)
詞源
[编辑]繼承自繼承自古英語 ofþyrst,源自 ofþyrstan (“脫水”);受短語 on thirst 的強化。字面分析等同於a- + thirst。
南部與西米德蘭方言中帶有 /f/ 的形式,是源自 /θ/ 對前接 /f/ 的同化(在保留了 ofþyrst 之 /f/ 的早期形式中)。這些形式可能也受到了 afyngred(ofhungred 的變體)類比關係的強化(該詞也發生了類似的同化過程)。
發音
[编辑]形容詞
[编辑]athirst (特別用於南部,西南密德蘭;不用於北部)
- 因口渴所苦的;非常口渴的
- c. 1378-9,[William Langland],「Paſſus .x᷒. de visione. et ıı᷒ de Dowel..」,收錄於 [Piers Plowman, A Treatise on Sin](W, B-text),London,c. 1400 出版,→OCLC,「folio 52、recto」;republished as Thorlac Turville-Petre, Hoyt N. Duggan(編),Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17(The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive;2),SEENET,2014,→ISBN:
- Ac þe carefulle may crie. and carpen at þe yate / Boþe afyngred and a furſt. and foꝛ chele quake. / Is þͬ noon to nyme hym neer. his anoy to amende / But hunten hym as an hound. and hoten hym go þennes
- 但那些困苦的人必須在門口哀哭訴苦, / 既飢餓又口渴,且因寒冷而顫抖; / 卻無人接納他們、減輕他們的苦難, / 反而像趕狗一樣驅逐他們,叫他們離開。
- 渴求的,渴望的 [接 after]
派生語彙
[编辑]- 英語:athirst (古舊)
參考資料
[编辑]- “athurst, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “ofthirst, ppl.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “athirst, adj.”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.