naive

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典
參見:naïve

英語[編輯]

其他形式[編輯]

詞源[編輯]

借自法語 naïvenaïf的陰性形式,源自拉丁語 nativus (本土的,天然的)native同源對似詞

發音[編輯]

  • 國際音標(幫助)/naɪˈiːv/, /nɑːˈiːv/
  • 文檔
  • 韻部:-iːv

形容詞[編輯]

naive (比較級 more naive, 最高級 most naive)

  1. 幼稚的;涉世未深的,不成熟的;天真的,純樸
    • 1965, Richard Rogers, Oscar Hammerstein II (作曲作詞), 「Going on Seventeen」, 出自 The Sound of Music[1]:
      I am sixteen going on seventeen, I know that I'm naive
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, 經由 PC, →ISBN, →OCLC,幕:Krogan: Genophage Codex entry:
      The salarians believed the genophage would be used as a deterrent, a position the turians viewed as naive. Once the project was complete, the turians mass produced and deployed it. The krogan homeworld, their colonies, and all occupied worlds were infected.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
  2. 暴露於某物的
    • 2011, Lila Miller, Kate Hurley, Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters
      Animals entering shelters are either (a) immunologically naïve and susceptible to infection and development of disease if exposed to pathogens; (b) already immune []
  3. (藝術) 稚拙派
    • 2006, Janis Mink, Joan Miró, →ISBN,頁號 33:
      By 1921 when Miró painted his key work, naive painting had been recognized by the avantgarde art world as a genre in its own right.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
  4. (計算機) 直觀
    • 2007, Takao Terano, Huan Liu, & Arbee L.P. Chen, Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, →ISBN:
      We have experiments of running our matching algorithm and a naive matching algorithm for such a term tree and a tree, and have compared the performance of the two algorithms.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)

用法說明[編輯]

  • Google Ngram Viewer數據顯示,naive在歷史上比naïve更為常用,但後者在2000年以後開始逐漸被廣泛使用,達到了前者的程度。[1]但是不清楚Viewer是否能正確掃描該變音符。
  • 詞典收錄情況:
    • naive收錄於梅里厄姆-韋伯斯特[2]、AHD[3]、柯林斯[4]、麥克米倫[5]、劍橋[6]與《牛津英語詞典》[7]內。
    • naïve收錄於梅里厄姆-韋伯斯特(作為變體)[2]、AHD[3]、柯林斯(作為變體)[4]、麥克米倫(作為變體)[5]、劍橋(作為變體)[6]、《牛津英語詞典》(作為變體)[7]與Century 1911[8]內。
  • 美國政府出版局手冊稱「變音符號不適用於英語化的單詞中」,並提到了naivenaivete兩詞。[9]
  • 「Guardian and Observer style guide」中的naivenaivelynaivety均不帶變音符號。[10]
  • naïve中的分音符用於表示兩個音節分開發音。[11]
  • naïve在法語中是陰性形容詞,陽性形式naïfnaif有時在英語中用來形容男性,但是一般來說naive/naïve更常作中性使用。

近義詞[編輯]

反義詞[編輯]

衍生詞彙[編輯]

相關詞彙[編輯]

名詞[編輯]

naive (複數 naives)

  1. 涉世未深的人,天真的人
    • 2010, Daphne Oz, The Dorm Room Diet:
      As a seasoned woman—of nineteen—I felt it was my place to tell each of these naïves that such plans were easier made than followed.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 2018, King Midas, Stupid Brokers - Stupid Clients:
      In other words, they'd buy securities from these naives for 55 and sell them similar securities for 65. In plain English, they'd pay $550 per $1,000 bond and turn right around and sell them similar stuff for $650.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)

參考資料[編輯]

  1. naive, naïve at Google Ngram Viewer
  2. 2.0 2.1 naive」 in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.
  3. 3.0 3.1 naive」, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language [美國傳統英語詞典], 第五版, 麻薩諸塞州波士頓: 霍頓・米夫林・哈考特, 2016, ISBN 978-0-544-45445-3
  4. 4.0 4.1 naive」 in the Collins English Dictionary
  5. 5.0 5.1 naive」 (US) / 「naive」 (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
  6. 6.0 6.1 naive」 in the Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  7. 7.0 7.1 naive」, OED Online Paid subscription required, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000
  8. naive」, The Century Dictionary [], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, OCLC 867766587
  9. Template:R:GPOSM
  10. Guardian and Observer style guide, theguardian.com
  11. What's a Diaeresis? | Merriam-Webster

延伸閱讀[編輯]

異序詞[編輯]

丹麥語[編輯]

形容詞[編輯]

naive

  1. naiv 的屈折變化形式:
    1. 單數
    2. 複數

世界語[編輯]

詞源[編輯]

源自naiva +‎ -e

發音[編輯]

副詞[編輯]

naive

  1. 幼稚地

德語[編輯]

發音[編輯]

形容詞[編輯]

naive

  1. naiv 的屈折變化形式:
    1. 強變化/混合變化主格/賓格陰性單數
    2. 強變化主格/賓格複數
    3. 弱變化主格任意性別單數
    4. 弱變化賓格陰性/中性單數

書面挪威語[編輯]

形容詞[編輯]

naive

  1. naiv單數/複數

新挪威語[編輯]

形容詞[編輯]

naive

  1. naiv單數/複數

瑞典語[編輯]

形容詞[編輯]

naive

  1. naiv 的原級自然陽性定形。